一项关于卫生保健专业人员对成年人免疫接种的知识,态度和实践 (KAP) 的研究
Saleema Abdul Rahiman1, A P Vijayan2, Jesheera Muhammed Kutty1
1Department of Family Medicine, Aster MIMS Hospital, Calicut, Kerala, India.
Journal of family medicine and primary care
|March 12, 2026
概括
印度的医疗保健专业人员表现出对成人免疫接种的知识和实践的差距,尽管积极的态度. 需要有针对性的干预措施来改善疫苗接种率并确保护理的连续性.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 医疗保健管理的管理
背景情况:
- 成人免疫对全球健康至关重要,但印度对其状况的研究,特别是针对不同类型疫苗的研究,是有限的.
- 本研究通过评估医疗保健专业人员 (HCP) 关于成人免疫的知识,态度和实践 (KAP) 来解决一个关键的差距.
- 这项研究重点关注印度南部的两个高等保健中心,提供了特定地区的见解.
研究的目的:
- 评估医疗保健专业人员 (HCP) 关于成人免疫接种的知识,态度和实践 (KAP).
- 确定医生和护士对成年人疫苗接种方案的理解和应用存在缺陷的具体领域.
- 为改善印度成年人疫苗推和管理的战略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 在印度南部的两个三级医疗中心进行了一项涉及500名医疗保健专业人员 (医生和护士) 的横截面研究.
- 在2023年6月至2024年11月期间,使用自主管理的物理问卷收集数据.
- 通过使用微软Excel编译和分析了答案.
主要成果:
- 只有23%的医疗保健工作者表现出对成年人免疫的良好或出色的了解,其中乙型肝炎和风疹是最受认可的疫苗.
- 虽然95.6%的人对推疫苗有积极的态度,但在过去两年中,只有35.8%的人至少接种了一种成人疫苗 (不包括COVID-19).
- 对成年人疫苗接种的积极态度和被调查的医疗保健工作者实际做法之间存在很大的差距.
结论:
- 医疗保健专业人员在印度对成人免疫接种的知识,态度和做法之间存在着显著的差异.
- 家庭医生被认为是弥合这一差距的关键,通过提高意识和患者咨询来弥合这一差距.
- 系统方法,包括持续医学教育 (CME) 计划和有针对性的宣传活动,对于促进成年人接种疫苗至关重要.
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