哺乳期营养咨询策略:范围审查
Lenycia de Cassya Lopes Neri1,2, Monica Guglielmetti1,2, Dalma Chiapponi3
1Laboratory of Food Education and Sport Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
Frontiers in nutrition
|March 12, 2026
概括
营养咨询 (NC) 显著提高了纯母乳养 (EBF) 率和持续时间. 移动和同行支持干预措施显示出希望,特别是在资源有限的地区,增强母亲的信心和减少问题.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 孕产妇和儿童的健康
- 营养科学 营养科学
背景情况:
- 纯母乳养 (EBF) 为婴儿和母亲提供了关键的健康优势,但全球EBF率不足.
- 营养咨询 (NC) 被认为是促进和维持母乳养的重要策略,尽管其范围和有效性需要系统审查.
研究的目的:
- 进行范围审查,确定和综合有关哺乳母亲营养咨询 (NC) 策略的证据.
- 绘制旨在改善母乳养结果的各种NC干预措施的范围和有效性.
主要方法:
- 根据Arksey & O'Malley的框架和PRISMA-ScR指南进行全面的范围审查.
- 系统搜索PubMed (2015-2025) 关于影响母乳养的产前或产后咨询干预的研究.
- 包括来自多个国家的29项不同研究 (RCT,准实验,定性).
主要成果:
- 个人,远程或面对面的营养咨询干预与EBF率的增加和更长的母乳养时间有关.
- 十二项研究报告说,母乳养提高了母乳养的自我有效性,并减少了与母乳养相关的问题.
- 基于移动和同行支持的辅导表现出显著的有效性,特别是在资源较少的环境中.
结论:
- 有针对性的营养咨询是提高母乳养率和持续时间的有效策略,与全球卫生建议保持一致.
- 实施的挑战包括需要标准化的方法,提供者培训和明确的定义.
- 进一步的研究应侧重于长期影响,成本效益和标准化干预方案.
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