最大限度地提高公共卫生效益:美国覆盖范围和基于细胞的流感疫苗的政策观点
Van Hung Nguyen1, Joaquin F Mould-Quevedo2
1VHN Consulting Inc., Montreal, Canada.
Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics
|March 12, 2026
概括
对于年轻人来说,转换为基于细胞的流感疫苗 (TIVc),对于老年人来说使用增强型疫苗,可以显著减少流感病例,住院和死亡. 这种策略节省了成本,并且在所有年龄组中都非常有效.
科学领域:
- * 疫苗学与公共卫生
- *流行病学建模 *流行病学建模
- * 卫生经济学
背景情况:
- * 传统的以蛋为基础的流感疫苗 (TIVe) 在制造过程中可能会经历调整,可能会降低有效性.
- * 基于细胞的流感疫苗 (TIVc) 避免了卵子的适应,提供了一个潜在的更有效的替代方案.
- *辅助三价流感疫苗 (aTIV) 用于老年人增强免疫反应.
研究的目的:
- * 评估美国65岁以下人群用TIVc取代TIVe的健康和经济影响.
- * 为了将TIVc的65岁以下和aTIV的65岁以上策略与使用TIVe的基线场景进行比较.
主要方法:
- *采用了一个动态的,年龄分层的易感-暴露-感染-恢复 (SEIR) 模型.
- * 整合了年龄结构决策树模型来评估健康和经济结果.
- *两个涉及TIVe和aTIV的基线情景与TIVc + aTIV策略进行了比较.
主要成果:
- *TIVc + aTIV策略避免了850万例病例,127,000例住院病例和19,000例死亡,而TIVe的覆盖率为65%.
- * 这种组合策略在所有评估的疫苗覆盖水平上都节省了成本.
- *TIVc + aTIV在所有儿科和成人年龄组中证明了成本效益或成本节约,在50-64岁的成年人中具有显著的好处.
结论:
- *在疫苗接种计划中,建议在65岁以下的人群中优先使用TIVc而不是TIVe.
- *将TIVc与老年人增强型疫苗 (aTIV) 结合使用,为公众健康和经济提供了显著的优势.
- *这些发现支持在公共卫生战略中更广泛地实施基于细胞的流感疫苗.
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