时间安排和地标稳定的影响在空间场合设置任务与子
Jordan Nerz1, Sara R Bond1, Taryn Pittman1
1Department of Psychology, Texas Christian University.
概括
这项对子的研究表明,刺激的时间和位置如何影响学习. 同时呈现导致直接的刺激控制,而连续呈现导致时机设置,影响未来的反应.
科学领域:
- 行为心理学 行为心理学
- 动物认知 动物认知
- 操作者调节 操作者调节
背景情况:
- 操作特征-正面歧视涉及强化对目标刺激的反应与特征刺激 (XA+/A-) 相结合.
- 同时的特征-目标呈现通常产生直接的刺激控制,而串行配对则建立了场合设置.
- 之前的研究强调了时间安排对刺激控制的影响,但空间动态仍未得到充分探索.
研究的目的:
- 研究刺激的时间安排和空间稳定性如何影响子的学习和刺激控制.
- 在空间操作任务中区分直接刺激控制和场合设置.
- 检查在类似和不相似的培训历史的条件下学习的转移.
主要方法:
- 子被训练在一个空间区分任务与同时/静态 (色彩特征与静态地标) 和串行/动态 (色彩特征之前的动态地标) 条件.
- 刺激包括颜色特征 (W,X,Y,Z) 和视觉地标 (A,B,C,D) 在空间阵列中呈现.
- 转移测试评估了基于培训历史的新特性-里程碑组合 (测试1:相似;测试2:不同).
主要成果:
- 同时/静态训练导致了直接控制,而串行/动态训练产生了机会设置,与之前的研究一致.
- 转移测试显示了基于特征-地标配对的时间和空间训练历史的差异性反应.
- 测试2表明,当将不同培训历史的特征和目标结合在一起时,转移的不对称性.
结论:
- 刺激的时间安排和空间稳定性显著影响子获得的刺激控制类型 (直接控制与场合设置).
- 空间任务分析提供了关于学习刺激控制的位置和性质的见解.
- 这些发现支持并扩展了现有的协会学习和非人类动物刺激控制模型.
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