在艾滋病毒感染和没有艾滋病毒感染的脏捐赠者中,人类抗体谱系
Xianming Zhu1, William R Morgenlander1, Diane M Brown2
1Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States of America.
JCI insight
|March 12, 2026
概括
来自艾滋病毒感染者捐赠者的脏移植是常见的. 捐赠者的腺病毒抗体可能会增加接受者的异位移植排斥风险,突出了HIV脏移植结果的潜在因素.
科学领域:
- 腎臟病學 (nephrology) 是一種醫學專業.
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- 从人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 阳性捐赠者的移植到HIV阳性接受者现在是标准的做法.
- 然而,艾滋病毒阳性捐赠者的潜在感染和自身免疫风险增加可能会影响移植排斥.
- 了解这些风险对于优化HIV脏移植的结果至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较患有艾滋病毒和没有艾滋病毒的脏捐赠者之间的抗体库.
- 评估在艾滋病毒移植中,供体抗体活性与受体移植排斥之间的关联.
- 确定可能预测移植后结果的特定供体因素.
主要方法:
- 一项多中心前性研究包括60名艾滋病毒感染的已故脏捐赠者和41名没有艾滋病毒的脏捐赠者.
- 菌体免疫沉测序用于比较抗体库 (过敏原,自身抗体,病毒,细菌毒素).
- 多变量逻辑回归分析了供体腺病毒活性与受体移植排斥之间的关联,并对共变量进行调整.
主要成果:
- 与没有艾滋病毒的捐赠者相比,感染艾滋病毒的捐赠者BMI较低,并且更有可能是非洲裔美国人.
- 携带艾滋病毒的捐赠者表现出略高的自身抗体水平和显著更高的抗体对爱斯坦-巴尔病毒和细胞巨乳病毒的反应性.
- 对腺病毒的捐赠者抗体与接受者移植排斥的增加显著相关 (OR = 4.97,95% CI = 1.89-13.61).
结论:
- 在艾滋病毒感染的脏捐赠者中,抗体对腺病毒的反应性与接受者的异种移植排斥风险增加有关.
- 这一发现表明,捐赠者的腺病毒血清学可能是HIV移植中需要考虑的因素.
- 进一步的研究可能会阐明这种关联背后的机制,并为供体选择标准提供信息.
相关概念视频
Kidney Transplant I: Introduction
646
A kidney transplant is a surgical approach that involves replacing a non-functioning kidney with a healthy one from a donor. This procedure is often a treatment option for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The method requires careful recipient selection, including evaluating various medical and psychosocial factors. These criteria vary between transplant centers but generally include assessments of the patient's overall health, adherence to medical recommendations, and lifestyle...
646
Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure
659
Preoperative ManagementThe primary goals of preoperative management in kidney transplantation are to optimize the patient’s metabolic state and prepare them for surgery through diet adjustments, necessary dialysis, and tailored medical treatment. This phase also involves comprehensive infection screening and patient education about the surgical procedure and postoperative care to improve outcomes and adherence.Medical ManagementA comprehensive evaluation is required for both the living...
659
Blood Transfusion and Agglutination
15.4K
Blood transfusion is a therapeutic measure to restore the blood volume after extensive blood loss due to an accident or a medical procedure. Blood transfusion involves drawing a certain amount of blood from a suitable donor and infusing it into the recipient.
History
The history of blood transfusion dates back to the 17th century, when early attempts were made in animals. In 1818 James Blundell, a British doctor, performed the first successful human blood transfusion. Later in 1900, Karl...
History
The history of blood transfusion dates back to the 17th century, when early attempts were made in animals. In 1818 James Blundell, a British doctor, performed the first successful human blood transfusion. Later in 1900, Karl...
15.4K


