基于清单的监管下精确的污染控制和企业生产率:来自中国主要污染企业系统的证据
Dong Liu1, Xiao Li1, Jianglong Li2
1School of Public Policy and Administration, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China.
Journal of environmental management
|March 12, 2026
概括
中国的重点污染企业 (KPE) 系统通过有针对性的监管和创新激励措施,提高了2.4%的企业生产率. 环境透明度进一步增强了这些收益,表明精确监管有利于经济增长.
科学领域:
- 环境经济学环境经济学
- 工业组织 工业组织 工业组织
- 公共政策公共政策.
背景情况:
- 为了平衡环境保护和经济增长,需要超越广泛的政策,采取精确的监管方法.
- 中国的关键污染企业 (KPE) 体系是这种转变的典范,它根据公司的风险和环境绩效区分监督.
研究的目的:
- 评估中国KPE系统对企业生产率的影响.
- 根据本监管框架,确定推动生产率变化的机制.
- 探索可能放大或减少系统有效性的因素.
主要方法:
- 采用了一种准实验性设计,使用来自中国A股上市公司 (2013-2022) 的面板数据.
- 使用差异差异或类似的方法来评估KPE指定对总因子生产率 (TFP) 的因果关系.
- 分析了创新 (研发,人员) 和环境透明度 (自愿披露) 作为调解因素的作用.
主要成果:
- 获得KPE认定,使企业的总要素生产率大幅增加了2.4%.
- 早期的KPE进入者观察到超过10%的生产率增长,这表明随着时间的推移,回报率正在下降.
- 增加研发投资和人员配置被确定为推动生产率提高的关键机制.
- 环境透明度和更高的当地KPE度放大了积极的生产力效应.
结论:
- 中国的基于清单的监管方法,即KPE系统,有效地提高了企业的生产力.
- 该系统的成功取决于可靠的监管,促进创新和促进透明度.
- 精准监管为实现环境目标和高质量的经济发展提供了一个可行的战略.
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