癌症中的补充系统:免疫治疗的朋友或敌人
Harendra Kumar Shah1, Sai Prem1, Xiaobo Wu2
1Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA.
Journal for immunotherapy of cancer
|March 12, 2026
概括
补体系统通过帮助瘤生长或抑制来影响癌症. 抑制补体通路可以通过逆转免疫抑制和改善T细胞反应来增强癌症免疫疗法.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
背景情况:
- 补体系统是先天免疫的重要组成部分,在癌症中起着复杂的作用,可能促进或抑制瘤的发展.
- 它的激活通路 (古典,替代,莱克) 驱动免疫反应,如opsonization和细胞溶解,但可以矛盾地支持瘤微环境中的瘤生长.
- 辐射和化疗等疗法可以激活补充剂,产生毒素 (C3a,C5a),这可能促进抗瘤免疫力或创造一种免疫抑制环境.
研究的目的:
- 探索补充系统在癌症进展和抑制中的双重作用.
- 研究癌症疗法的补充激活如何影响瘤微环境和免疫疗法的有效性.
- 评估补充抑制作为一种增强癌症免疫疗法的策略.
主要方法:
- 对癌症中补充系统激活现有文献的审查.
- 分析补充剂对辐射和化疗反应中的作用.
- 检查补充抑制策略,包括针对C3a和C5a受体,与免疫疗法结合使用.
主要成果:
- 补充激活可以导致抗瘤免疫和免疫逃避,这取决于上下文.
- 性毒素C3a和C5a可以招募免疫细胞,但也可以通过吸引调节性T细胞和髓状细胞衍生的抑制细胞来促进免疫抑制.
- 瘤细胞通过上调调节调节蛋白 (CD46,CD55,CD59) 来逃避补充介导的杀死.
- 补充抑制与免疫检查点抑制剂协同作用,逆转免疫抑制并增强T细胞介导的瘤排斥.
结论:
- 补体系统对有效的癌症免疫疗法构成了重大障碍.
- 向补充通路,特别是C3a和C5a受体,可以克服治疗诱导的免疫抑制,并使瘤对免疫治疗敏感.
- 结合补充物阻塞与亲免疫疗法,提供了一种有希望的策略,以增强抗瘤免疫力和克服抵抗机制.
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