对于老年综合征的自然语言处理:对方法,应用和挑战的系统审查
Fahrurrozi Rahman1,2, Imane Guellil3,4, Abul Hasan5,6
1Advanced Care Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK. frahman@ed.ac.uk.
BMC medical informatics and decision making
|March 13, 2026
概括
自然语言处理 (NLP) 显示出在电子健康记录中分析老年综合征 (GS) 的前景. 然而,数据变化和缺乏标准化等挑战阻碍了广泛的临床应用.
科学领域:
- 临床信息学 临床信息学
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
- 老年医学 老年医学
背景情况:
- 老年综合征 (GS) 是老年人的复杂疾病,需要多学科评估.
- 自然语言处理 (NLP) 提供了从电子健康记录 (EHR) 中提取临床数据的潜力.
- 在检测和监测GS的NLP的应用是一个不断发展的研究领域.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查NLP在识别和分析老年综合征中的作用.
- 检查NLP应用,方法和GS研究中的有效性.
- 讨论GS中NLP当前的挑战,局限性和未来方向.
主要方法:
- 在十个数据库中对GS检测的NLP研究进行了系统的文献搜索.
- 使用预定义的包含/排除标准选文章,并通过PROBAST评估研究质量.
- 使用PRISMA流程图,提取研究特征,数据集,NLP方法,性能和临床应用的数据.
主要成果:
- 包括65项研究,主要使用基于规则和机器学习的NLP方法.
- 发现稀缺的公共数据集,大多数研究使用私有,可变的数据源和格式.
- 观察到不同的注释方法和性能指标 (F1分数,精度,回忆),数据集统一性和外部验证存在挑战.
结论:
- 虽然NLP显示了GS分析和流行病学研究的潜力,但它往往只关注单个综合征.
- 数据集,注释和模型性能的变化阻碍了更广泛的临床实施.
- 未来的研究应该优先考虑全面的GS识别,数据集标准化,模型通用性和临床工作流集成.
相关概念视频
Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients
339
Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
339
Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age
308
Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
308
Classification of Illness
9.2K
The meaning of illness is individualized to each person who experiences an alteration in health. In contrast, disease is a medical term indicating a pathological change in the structure and function of the body or mind. It is a condition that has specific symptoms and boundaries.
An illness is a response to a disease in which the person's level of functioning is changed compared with a previous level. The general classification of illness includes acute and chronic.
Acute illness is severe...
An illness is a response to a disease in which the person's level of functioning is changed compared with a previous level. The general classification of illness includes acute and chronic.
Acute illness is severe...
9.2K
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption
787
As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...
787
Formulating and Validating Nursing Diagnosis I
4.3K
A nursing diagnosis is written when the nurse recognizes a cluster of essential patient data indicating health problems treated with independent nursing interventions. The standardized terminologies of a nursing diagnosis help nurses identify and treat patients' problems. Every electronic health record that uses nursing diagnosis must employ standard diagnostic terminology. Developing an efficient, individualized care plan begins with accurate nursing diagnoses.
There are thirteen domains...
There are thirteen domains...
4.3K
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism
291
Geriatric patients show significant variation in how their bodies process medications, which can change how effective and safe treatments are. The liver is the primary organ where drug metabolism occurs, involving two main types of chemical reactions: phase I and II. Phase I metabolism is driven by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, which includes key types such as CYP3A, CYP2D6, and CYP2C9. Research indicates that while aging doesn't notably alter the levels or activity of these enzymes, it...
291


