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相关概念视频

Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions01:20

Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions

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Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are pivotal to multicellularity and the coordinated functioning of tissues and organ systems. They enable physical interactions between cells and provide mechanical strength to tissues. They also function as receptors for signal transmission across the plasma membrane. The CAMs are broadly classified into four families - integrins, cadherins, selectins, and immunoglobulin-like CAMs (IgCAMs).
CAM Families
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Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions01:20

Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions

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Cell Adhesion in Plants01:14

Cell Adhesion in Plants

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Plants have rigid cell walls that are made up of cell wall polysaccharides that mediate cell-cell adhesion. The primary cell walls of plants consist of two independent and interacting polysaccharide networks: a pectin matrix that embeds the second network comprising cellulose and hemicelluloses.
Pectins are complex heteropolymers mainly composed of negatively-charged α-D-glucopyranosyl uronic acid and some neutral glycosyl residues such as α-L-rhamnopyranose, α-L-arabinofuranose,...
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Adherens Junctions01:24

Adherens Junctions

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Strong contact points between adjacent cells anchor them to each other, forming tissues. Such anchoring junctions are of two types –  adherens junctions and desmosomes. Adherens junctions are abundant in tissues such as  epithelium and endothelium, forming a continuous zone of adhesion called the adhesion belt. In other tissues, such as  heart muscle, they appear as clusters, linking the cells to produce coordinated heart muscle contraction.
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Cadherins in Tissue Organization01:19

Cadherins in Tissue Organization

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The cadherins are a superfamily of cell adhesion molecules comprising over 180 variants, with specific tissues expressing a particular combination of cadherin types. Cadherins generally exhibit homophilic binding; i.e., cadherins on one cell bind to cadherins of the same or closely related type on another cell. Thus, cells of the same type have a specific affinity to bind to each other and sort themselves into clusters to form tissues.
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Overview of Cell-Matrix Interactions01:24

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The extracellular matrix or ECM holds cells together to form a tissue and allows the cells within the tissue to communicate. ECM comprises proteins such as fibronectin, collagen, laminin, etc. The most abundant protein in this space is collagen. Collagen fibers are interwoven with carbohydrate-containing protein molecules called proteoglycans. ECM allows cell migration and provides a structural scaffold at cell adhesion that anchors the cell when the extracellular matrix proteins interact with...
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Assay of Adhesion Under Shear Stress for the Study of T Lymphocyte-Adhesion Molecule Interactions
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细胞-细胞粘附作为组织流动性的双刃剑.

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    细胞-细胞粘附通过不同的能量和消耗成分影响集体细胞迁移. 增加粘附能量促进运动,而增加消散会导致堵塞,影响组织流动性和刚性.

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    相关实验视频

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    科学领域:

    • 生物物理学的生物物理.
    • 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
    • 理论生物学 理论生物学

    背景情况:

    • 细胞迁移对于发育,伤口愈合和癌症转移至关重要.
    • 细胞-细胞粘附影响细胞形态和力平衡,但其对组织行为的动态贡献尚未得到充分理解.

    研究的目的:

    • 研究细胞粘附在组织动态和集体迁移中的细胞粘附的消散性质的作用.
    • 阐明粘附的能量和消耗成分在调节细胞运动和组织力学中的相互作用.

    主要方法:

    • 使用了一个扩展的顶点模型,结合了明确的连接粘度.
    • 进行线性风湿学分析,研究组织粘弹性行为.

    主要成果:

    • 确定了两个粘附元件:接口粘附能量 (速率独立) 和散射粘附 (速率依赖).
    • 证明增加的能量粘附通过改变细胞形状和促进邻居交换来促进迁移.
    • 表明,扩散粘附的增加导致细胞运动的阻塞和抑制.
    • 在未堵塞的组织中揭示了强度定律粘弹性行为,粘附调节放松时间表.

    结论:

    • 粘附在控制组织力学和脊髓学方面具有双重作用.
    • 为理解组织流动性和刚性之间的平衡提供了一个机制框架.
    • 强调了在集体细胞迁移中考虑细胞-细胞粘附的能量和消散方面的重要性.