尼泊尔青少年的微量营养素缺乏:全国流行率和相关因素
Kingsley Emwinyore Agho1,2,3, Stanley Chitekwe4, Lucy Ngaihbanglovi Pachuau5
1School of Medicine Western Sydney University Campbelltown New South Wales Australia.
Food science & nutrition
|March 13, 2026
概括
尼泊尔的青少年,尤其是女孩们中,缺乏铁和维生素A等微量营养素是很常见的. 饮食习惯和地区显著影响这些缺陷,需要有针对性的营养计划.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 营养 公共卫生 营养
- 青少年健康 青少年健康
- 微量营养素的状态 微量营养素的状态
背景情况:
- 微量营养素缺乏 (铁,维生素A,叶酸) 是低收入和中等收入国家青少年的重大公共卫生问题.
- 尼泊尔面临着这些缺陷的巨大负担,影响了青少年的福祉和发展.
- 了解患病率和相关因素对于有效的干预策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 确定尼泊尔青少年 (10-19岁) 中铁,维生素A和叶酸缺乏症的患病率.
- 确定与这些微量营养素缺乏相关的人口,饮食和区域因素.
- 为尼泊尔设计有针对性的青少年营养干预提供证据.
主要方法:
- 利用了2016年尼泊尔国家微量营养素状况调查 (NNMSS) 的数据.
- 分析了10至19岁的1025名男孩和1852名女孩的数据.
- 采用多变量分析来评估微量营养素状况与各种因素 (饮食,地区,BMI) 之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 红血球叶酸缺乏症在女孩中为16.2%;与男孩相比,女孩患费里丁 (18.0%),sTfR (13.8%) 和维生素A (4.4%) 缺乏症的患病率更高.
- 饮食因素 (蛋,坚果/种子消费),地区和身体质量指数 (BMI) 与缺陷有显著联系.
- 不食用蛋的青少年有更高的铁缺乏率;区域和BMI因素也与铁和叶酸状况有关.
结论:
- 尼泊尔的青少年男孩和女孩面临着微量营养素缺乏的相当大的负担,女孩受到的影响不成比例.
- 饮食模式,地理区域和BMI是这个人群中微量营养素状况的关键决定因素.
- 尼泊尔迫切需要可持续和公平的青少年营养计划来解决这些缺陷.
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