Jove
Visualize
联系我们
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
关于 JoVE
概览领导团队博客JoVE 帮助中心
作者
出版流程编辑委员会范围与政策同行评审常见问题投稿
图书馆员
用户评价订阅访问资源图书馆顾问委员会常见问题
研究
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments存档
教育
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab Manual教师资源中心教师网站
使用条款与条件
隐私政策
政策

相关概念视频

Retroviruses02:33

Retroviruses

15.6K
Retroviruses and retrotransposons both insert copies of their genetic elements into the genome of the host cell. Thus, the viral genes are passed on when the host genome is replicated or translated. A typical retroviral DNA sequence contains 3-4 genes that encode the different proteins required for its structural assembly and function as a molecular parasite. This DNA is transcribed into a single mRNA, which is very similar in structure to conventional mRNAs, i.e., it is capped at the 5’...
15.6K
Viruses with RNA Genomes01:29

Viruses with RNA Genomes

1.2K
RNA viruses are categorized into positive-strand, negative-strand, or double-stranded groups based on their genomic structure and replication mechanisms. This classification dictates how they exploit host cellular machinery for protein synthesis and replication. Some RNA viruses also utilize reverse transcription as part of their life cycle, further diversifying their replication strategies.Positive-Strand RNA VirusesPositive-strand RNA viruses have genomes that function directly as messenger...
1.2K
Retrovirus Life Cycles01:10

Retrovirus Life Cycles

50.2K
Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the...
50.2K
Leaky Scanning02:28

Leaky Scanning

5.8K
During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA.  Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R...
5.8K
Size and Structure of Viral Genomes01:26

Size and Structure of Viral Genomes

987
Viral genomes exhibit remarkable diversity in size, structure, and composition, influencing their replication strategies and interactions with host cells. These genomes consist of either DNA or RNA and may be linear or circular. Additionally, they can be single-stranded or double-stranded, with each configuration affecting how the virus propagates within a host. RNA viruses, for instance, generally have smaller genomes than DNA viruses, a factor that contributes to their high mutation rates and...
987
Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens01:29

Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens

2.4K
The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
2.4K

您也可能阅读

相关文章

通过共同作者、期刊和引用图与本文相关的文章。

排序
Same author

Acetylation-Primed SUMOylation Drives RORβ Turnover via a p300-SIRT1 Regulatory Axis.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Is cellular senescence a biological feature of Long COVID? A transcriptomic analysis across comparative post-acute sequelae phenotypes.

The Journal of infectious diseases·2026
Same author

AdMiRE study: Development and validation of a WHO-aligned tool to assess healthcare access and antibiotic use among migrant populations in Europe-a multicountry Delphi and psychometric study on behalf of ESGITM group.

CMI communications·2026
Same author

Current practices and challenges in the management of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSI): results from an Italian multicentre survey with expert discussion.

JAC-antimicrobial resistance·2026
Same author

Anti-Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Cephalosporins Plus Daptomycin as Initial Therapy for MRSA Bacteremia: Does a "Hit Hard and Fast" Strategy Improve Outcomes?

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·2026
Same author

GPR15-guided CD8<sup>+</sup> T regulatory cells control intestinal inflammation.

Nature·2026

相关实验视频

Updated: Mar 14, 2026

Dissecting Innate Immune Signaling in Viral Evasion of Cytokine Production
08:32

Dissecting Innate Immune Signaling in Viral Evasion of Cytokine Production

Published on: March 2, 2014

11.0K

人类RIG-I抗病毒缺陷是由被锁定在信号不活跃状态中的主导负变异引起的.

Mihai Solotchi, Huie Jing, Emma Gebauer

    medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences
    |March 13, 2026
    PubMed
    概括

    由于新型G731R变异,在COVID-19患者中发现的严重RIG-I缺陷会损害抗病毒免疫力. 这种占主导地位的负基因突变破坏了RIG-I的功能,突显了它在人类防御中的关键作用.

    更多相关视频

    Monitoring Activation of the Antiviral Pattern Recognition Receptors RIG-I And PKR By Limited Protease Digestion and Native PAGE
    12:43

    Monitoring Activation of the Antiviral Pattern Recognition Receptors RIG-I And PKR By Limited Protease Digestion and Native PAGE

    Published on: July 29, 2014

    12.7K
    Dissecting Host-virus Interaction in Lytic Replication of a Model Herpesvirus
    11:28

    Dissecting Host-virus Interaction in Lytic Replication of a Model Herpesvirus

    Published on: October 7, 2011

    11.6K

    相关实验视频

    Last Updated: Mar 14, 2026

    Dissecting Innate Immune Signaling in Viral Evasion of Cytokine Production
    08:32

    Dissecting Innate Immune Signaling in Viral Evasion of Cytokine Production

    Published on: March 2, 2014

    11.0K
    Monitoring Activation of the Antiviral Pattern Recognition Receptors RIG-I And PKR By Limited Protease Digestion and Native PAGE
    12:43

    Monitoring Activation of the Antiviral Pattern Recognition Receptors RIG-I And PKR By Limited Protease Digestion and Native PAGE

    Published on: July 29, 2014

    12.7K
    Dissecting Host-virus Interaction in Lytic Replication of a Model Herpesvirus
    11:28

    Dissecting Host-virus Interaction in Lytic Replication of a Model Herpesvirus

    Published on: October 7, 2011

    11.6K

    科学领域:

    • 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
    • 病毒学 病毒学
    • 人类遗传学 人类遗传学

    背景情况:

    • RIG-I (Retinoic acid-inducible gene I) 是病毒RNA的关键细胞质传感器,可以启动天生的免疫反应.
    • 由于缺乏报告的缺陷病例,RIG-I在人类免疫中的生理意义尚未完全理解.

    研究的目的:

    • 研究RIG-I在人类抗病毒免疫力中的作用.
    • 在严重的COVID-19患者中发现的一种新型RIG-I功能丧失变异的特征.

    主要方法:

    • 基因测序用于识别严重病情的COVID-19患者的突变.
    • 实验室功能测试以评估RIG-I G731R变异对ATPase活性,RNA结合和信号传递的影响.
    • 对主导负面影响和结构功能关系的分析.

    主要成果:

    • 在一个严重的COVID-19患者中发现了一种新型异合体RIG-I G731R变异,导致主导性功能丧失.
    • G731R突变通过破坏氨酸指,但不破坏RNA结合,损害了RIG-I ATPase的活动.
    • G731R抑制了野生类型的RIG-I功能,导致IFN-β反应受损,并突出显示了不妥协的RIG-I的重要性.

    结论:

    • 无损的RIG-I功能对于有效的人类抗病毒免疫力至关重要.
    • RIG-I G731R变体显示出一种主要的负面影响,影响先天免疫反应.
    • 特定的G731替代物具有类效应,影响RIG-I功能的增益或丧失.