社会和心血管风险因素作为从轻度认知障碍到痴呆症进展的预测因素在大型EHR数据库中
medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences
|March 13, 2026
概括
临床和社会因素显著影响从轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 到阿尔茨海默氏症和相关痴呆症 (AD/ADRD) 的进展. 了解这些决定因素可以帮助识别有风险的个体,以便更早地进行干预和预防痴呆.
科学领域:
- 神经学 神经学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 老年学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 从轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 到阿尔茨海默氏症和相关痴呆症 (AD/ADRD) 的进展显示出显著的个体变化.
- 驱动这种异质性的机制尚未完全理解,需要对临床和社会决定因素进行研究.
- 现有研究强调心血管和社会因素在痴呆发病率,但它们在MCI进展中的具体作用需要进一步调查.
研究的目的:
- 评估心血管和社会风险因素对从MCI发展到AD/ADRD的进展速度的影响.
- 确定预测或加速从MCI过渡到痴呆的特定决定因素.
- 探索这些风险因素对MCI进展的影响的潜在性别差异.
主要方法:
- 在UCSF健康 (2010-2024) 中利用了来自6,529名患有MCI事件的患者的电子健康记录 (EHR).
- 评估心血管因素 (静心血压,BMI,II型糖尿病) 和社会因素 (婚姻状况,语言偏好,种族/种族,邻里处于不利地位).
- 采用调整对共变量的考克斯比例危险模型来估计AD/ADRD发病率的危险比率,包括按性别的相互作用分析.
主要成果:
- 较高的静脉压与ADRD发病率的增加有关 (HR:1.09).
- 在男性和女性中观察到BMI和发病率之间的反向关联.
- 寡妇 (HR: 1.15) 和非英语使用者 (西班牙语: HR: 1.38,中文: HR: 1.19,其他: HR: 1.24) 患病的风险更高.
- 与白人患者相比,拉丁裔 (HR: 1.22) 和亚洲人 (HR: 1.14) 患者的进展风险更高. 邻居的劣势并不显著.
结论:
- 心血管和社会决定因素独立地影响痴呆症的进展,有一些性别特异性的变化.
- 从电子健康记录中整合临床和社会数据可以帮助早期识别高风险患者.
- 这些发现支持开发针对性的干预措施,以公平地预防和照顾痴呆症.
更多相关视频
07:31Implementation of a Real-Time Psychosis Risk Detection and Alerting System Based on Electronic Health Records using CogStack
Published on: May 15, 2020
8.2K
06:23The 4 Mountains Test: A Short Test of Spatial Memory with High Sensitivity for the Diagnosis of Pre-dementia Alzheimer's Disease
Published on: October 13, 2016
34.1K
相关概念视频
Dementia
656
Dementia is a collective term for cognitive disorders primarily affecting memory, thinking, and reasoning. It is not a specific disease but a syndrome, with Alzheimer's disease being the most common cause, accounting for approximately 60-80% of cases. Other types include vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia. Dementia affects millions worldwide, particularly older adults, though it is not a normal part of aging.
The progression of dementia is generally gradual....
The progression of dementia is generally gradual....
656
Alzheimer's Disease: Overview
1.9K
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
1.9K
Cognitive Development During Adulthood
1.0K
Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
1.0K
