患有急性淋巴细胞白血病和淋巴瘤,正在接受化疗的儿科患者口腔粘膜炎的遗传变异
Luisa Comerlato Jardim1,2, Mariana Rodrigues Botton3, Marina Curra1,4
1Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Pediatric blood & cancer
|March 13, 2026
概括
基因变异影响了接受化疗的儿科癌症患者口腔粘膜炎 (OM) 风险. 识别这些遗传标记可能会个性化治疗,并改善急性淋巴细胞白血病和淋巴瘤儿童的治疗结果.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 药物基因组学 药物基因组学
- 儿科医学 儿科医学
背景情况:
- 口腔粘膜炎 (OM) 是儿童癌症患者化疗的常见,令人衰弱的副作用.
- 急性淋巴细胞白血病 (ALL) 和淋巴瘤治疗通常涉及已知的诱导OM的化疗方案.
- 了解OM的遗传基础可以导致有针对性的干预措施.
研究的目的:
- 研究特定遗传变异与口腔粘膜炎 (OM) 的发展之间的关联.
- 分析在接受急性淋巴细胞白血病 (ALL) 和淋巴瘤化疗的儿科患者中对OM的遗传倾向.
- 识别与OM严重程度和化疗剂暴露相关的遗传标记.
主要方法:
- 追溯观察纵向研究设计.
- 每天评估OM使用世界卫生组织规模的OM.
- 来自患者DNA样本的67个区域基因组 (20个基因) 的下一代测序.
主要成果:
- 65.8%的儿科患者在392次化疗周期中发展出某种程度的OM.
- 对于甲状腺素,环胺和多克索鲁比辛,发现了遗传变异和OM之间的显著关联.
- 在不同的化疗周期中,特定的基因 (例如,ABCC2,GSTM1,ABCC6,HSP90AA1,CYP2A7,MTHFR) 与OM有关.
结论:
- 遗传变异在儿童癌症患者OM的发生和严重性中发挥着作用.
- 研究结果表明,药物基因组学方法可能用于个性化化疗.
- 未来的策略可能会提高治疗效率,降低毒性,并提高儿科瘤学中的生存率.
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