动脉静脉的护理管理和人工智能:一个范围审查
Gaetano Ferrara1,2, Salvatore Angileri2,3, Sara Morales Palomares2,4
1Department of Nefrology and Dialysis Unit, Ramazzini Hospital, Carpi, Modena, Italy.
Journal of renal care
|March 13, 2026
概括
人工智能 (AI) 可以通过早期检测狭窄症和预测失败来改善血液透析患者的动脉静脉管管理. 这项技术为主动监测和个性化护理提供了潜力,减少了并发症.
科学领域:
- 科和生物医学工程
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
- 血管接入管理系统
背景情况:
- 慢性病 (CKD) 管理依赖于功能性动脉静脉囊 (AVF) 进行血液透析.
- AVF容易出现并发症,这带来了重大的临床挑战.
- 稳定的AVF对于有效的置换疗法至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 审查人工智能 (AI) 在管理动脉静脉的应用.
- 探索AI在预防AVF并发症和改善患者治疗结果方面的潜力.
- 评估AI在早期检测和管理AVF狭窄和失败中的作用.
主要方法:
- 根据PRISMA-Scoping指导方针和乔安娜·布里格斯研究所的方法进行范围审查.
- 在主要数据库 (PubMed,Embase,Cochrane,CINAHL) 和灰色文献中搜索AVF管理中的AI应用.
- 数据提取和合成以分类AI技术及其在CKD血液透析患者的临床用途.
主要成果:
- 包括23项研究,重点关注AI用于AVF预防,故障管理和狭窄检测.
- 卷积神经网络 (CNN) 通过声学分析在检测AVF狭窄方面表现出有效性.
- 机器学习模型 (极端梯度提升,决策树,SVM) 显示出对AVF故障和成熟的强大预测能力.
结论:
- 人工智能具有巨大的潜力,可以通过主动监测和个性化护理彻底改变AVF管理.
- 人工智能可以减少AVF并发症,改善血液透析患者的治疗结果.
- 这些发现对护理实践在AVF监测和评估方面有影响.
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