衰老不会影响运动神经元的适应:在年轻人和老年人中,运动单元对力量训练的反应相似
Andrea Casolo1, Stefanie Del Vecchio2, Benjamin I Goodlich3
1Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padua, Italy.
The Journal of physiology
|March 13, 2026
概括
老年人可以通过有针对性的训练来提高力量,正如增加的运动单元放电率和神经驱动所表明的那样. 这表明神经系统的衰老.
科学领域:
- 神经肌肉生理学 神经肌肉生理学
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 运动科学运动科学
背景情况:
- 衰老导致神经肌肉的变化,损害了力量的产生和日常功能.
- 老年人可能会失去运动单元适应力量训练的能力.
- 以前的研究表明,力量训练可以增强年轻人的神经驱动力.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定老年人是否仍然有能力在应对力量训练时调整运动单元.
- 调查短期强力干预是否能增强老年人的神经驱动力.
- 将老年人的神经适应与以前在年轻人中观察到的神经适应进行比较.
主要方法:
- 23名老年人 (71±4岁) 被分配到为期4周的同位体力量训练 (INT) 或对照 (CON) 组.
- 在干预前和干预后评估了脚背 flexors的最大自愿力 (MVF).
- 前的高密度表面电肌图 (EMG) 用于分析收缩期间的运动单元行为.
主要成果:
- INT组将MVP增加了17.6% (P < 0.001).
- 动力单元放电率在招募 (+8.2%) 和在常规部队任务 (+11.3%) 中增加.
- 增加的持续向内流与放电率和MVF增长相关,这表明神经驱动器的增强.
结论:
- 尽管与年龄相关的变化,老化的神经系统仍然对力量训练有反应.
- 老年人增强的力量与增强的运动单元发射率和神经驱动有关.
- 老年人表现出与力量训练有意义的神经适应,与年轻人相比,类似但减弱.
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