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相关概念视频

Chromatin Position Affects Gene Expression02:35

Chromatin Position Affects Gene Expression

25.1K
Chromatin is the massive complex of DNA and proteins packaged inside the nucleus. The complexity of chromatin folding and how it is packaged inside the nucleus greatly influences  access to genetic information. Generally, the nucleus' periphery is considered transcriptionally repressive, while the cell's interior is considered a transcriptionally active area. 
Topologically Associated Domains (TADs)
The 3-dimensional positioning of chromatin in the nucleus influences the...
25.1K
Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing02:41

Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing

8.4K
In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...
8.4K
Nucleosome Remodeling02:54

Nucleosome Remodeling

11.5K
Nucleosomes are the basic units of chromatin compaction. Each nucleosome consists of the DNA bound tightly around a histone core, which makes the DNA inaccessible to DNA binding proteins such as DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase. Hence, the fundamental problem is to ensure access to DNA when appropriate, despite the compact and protective chromatin structure.
Nucleosome remodeling complex
Eukaryotic cells have specialized enzymes called ATP-dependent nucleosome remodeling enzymes. These enzymes...
11.5K
Position-effect Variegation02:32

Position-effect Variegation

7.2K
In 1928, a German botanist Emil Heitz observed the moss nuclei with a DNA binding dye. He observed that while some chromatin regions decondense and spread out in the interphase nucleus, others do not. He termed them euchromatin and heterochromatin, respectively. He proposed that the heterochromatin regions reflect a functionally inactive state of the genome. It was later confirmed that heterochromatin is transcriptionally repressed, and euchromatin is transcriptionally active chromatin.
7.2K
The Nucleosome Core Particle01:12

The Nucleosome Core Particle

2.6K
Nucleosomes are the DNA-histone complex, where the DNA strand is wound around the histone core. The histone core is an octamer containing two copies of H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 histone proteins.
Nucleosomes, paradoxically, perform two opposite functions simultaneously. On the one hand, their primary aim is to protect the delicate DNA strands from physical damage and help achieve a higher compaction ratio. On the other hand, they must allow polymerase enzymes to access histone-bound DNA during...
2.6K
The Nucleosome Core Particle02:10

The Nucleosome Core Particle

15.1K
Nucleosomes are the DNA-histone complex, where the DNA strand is wound around the histone core. The histone core is an octamer containing two copies of H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 histone proteins.
The paradox
Nucleosomes, paradoxically, perform two opposite functions simultaneously. On the one hand, their main responsibility is to protect the delicate DNA strands from physical damage and help achieve a higher compaction ratio. While on the other hand, they must allow polymerase enzymes to access DNA...
15.1K

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相关实验视频

Updated: Mar 15, 2026

Deciphering Molecular Mechanism of Histone Assembly by DNA Curtain Technique
06:32

Deciphering Molecular Mechanism of Histone Assembly by DNA Curtain Technique

Published on: March 9, 2022

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核细胞的定位形成了神秘的反意义转录.

Jian Yi Kok1,2, Zachary H Harvey1, Elin Axelsson1

  • 1Austrian Academy of Sciences, Gregor Mendel Institute, Vienna, Austria.

PLoS genetics
|March 13, 2026
PubMed
概括

通过Hrp3染色体重塑器定位核细胞,抑制有害的密码转录. 这种机制保持了基因组的稳定性,但也可以使新的调节性反意义转录的进化.

科学领域:

  • 分子生物学分子生物学
  • 表观遗传学 在表观遗传学中,表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.
  • 基因组学就是基因组学.

背景情况:

  • 转录忠实性对于基因调节和基因组稳定性至关重要.
  • 隐秘的反意义转录,发生与编码序列相反,是广泛的,但不太了解.
  • 调节密码转录启动站点的机制仍然不完全阐明.

研究的目的:

  • 调查基因体中核体数组在抑制密码转录中的作用.
  • 为了确定参与定位核体在密码转录起点的分子参与者.
  • 探索加密转录的功能影响,包括其对监管创新的潜力.

主要方法:

  • 利用裂变酵母Schizosomyces pombe作为一个模型生物体.
  • 研究了CHD家族染色体重塑剂Hrp3的功能及其与转录延长机制 (Prf1/RTF1) 的相互作用.
  • 评估了基因体中的核细胞占用率,并分析了野生型和突变菌株中的神秘转录启动.

主要成果:

  • 证明基因体内的核细胞组抑制了神秘的转录启动.
  • 表明Hrp3,与Prf1/RTF1协调,将核细胞定位在密码启动地点.
  • 发现Hrp3的丧失导致AT丰富序列的核细胞占用率降低,促进了密码转录.

更多相关视频

Assembly of Nucleosomal Arrays from Recombinant Core Histones and Nucleosome Positioning DNA
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Assembly of Nucleosomal Arrays from Recombinant Core Histones and Nucleosome Positioning DNA

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Author Spotlight: Getting an A with the 3Cs: Chromosome Conformation Capture for Undergraduates
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Author Spotlight: Getting an A with the 3Cs: Chromosome Conformation Capture for Undergraduates

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相关实验视频

Last Updated: Mar 15, 2026

Deciphering Molecular Mechanism of Histone Assembly by DNA Curtain Technique
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Deciphering Molecular Mechanism of Histone Assembly by DNA Curtain Technique

Published on: March 9, 2022

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Assembly of Nucleosomal Arrays from Recombinant Core Histones and Nucleosome Positioning DNA
10:40

Assembly of Nucleosomal Arrays from Recombinant Core Histones and Nucleosome Positioning DNA

Published on: September 10, 2013

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Author Spotlight: Getting an A with the 3Cs: Chromosome Conformation Capture for Undergraduates
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Author Spotlight: Getting an A with the 3Cs: Chromosome Conformation Capture for Undergraduates

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  • 确定了一组加密的反意义转录的子集,这些转录编码了必不可少的介质基因.

    • 结论:

    • 建立了延长合染色体通路,维持了转录保真性.
    • 揭示了由Hrp3重塑核细胞体的形状反意义转录,影响细胞平衡.
    • 强调了密码转录,虽然往往是有害的,但可以促进适应潜力和监管创新.