认知培训和综合性初级预防
Michael Lundie1, Leanne Young1, Dallas Hack2
1Applied Research Associates, Inc, Albuquerque, NM 87110, United States.
Military medicine
|March 13, 2026
概括
认知训练可以通过改善认知功能和幸福感,帮助预防军事人员的物质使用障碍和自杀行为. 这种大脑健康方法增强了保护因素,并减少了适应不良行为的风险因素.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 军人卫生保健 军人卫生保健
背景情况:
- 认知训练利用神经可塑性来提高认知表现和心理健康.
- 它正在被探索作为对抗适应不良行为,特别是物质使用障碍和军人群中的自杀想法/行为的预防措施.
研究的目的:
- 评估认知训练的潜力,作为预防性干预在军事背景下适应不良行为.
- 审查证据,将认知训练的好处与减少物质使用和自杀的风险联系起来.
主要方法:
- 审查了SMART (SMART+) 和BrainHQ认知培训计划的随机对照试验 (RCT).
- 纳入了国家卫队部署的SMART+和BrainHQ的最新数据.
- 进行了关于认知训练与物质使用和自杀风险的关系的文献审查.
主要成果:
- 认知训练似乎通过三个途径减轻不适应性行为:增强高阶认知功能,减少心理痛苦,改善社会联系.
- 在健康人群中观察到的好处表明,它可以作为"大脑健身"工具.
结论:
- 认知训练增强了保护因素 (例如,情绪调节,解决问题) 并减少了风险因素 (例如,社会隔离).
- 它可以被视为一种大脑健身工具,有可能克服在军事环境中对"心理健康"干预措施的抵抗力.
- 建议进行进一步的研究,以量化认知训练和军事人群中不适应性行为的初级预防之间的关系.
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