在儿童和成年人与耳植入物共感知和错误模式.
Kelly N Jahn1,2, Mishaela DiNino3,4, Swarali Joshi1,2
1Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, USA.
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
|March 13, 2026
概括
听力史显著影响耳植入物 (CI) 用户的辅音感知. 早期植入和更长的听觉经验提高了分数,特别是在儿童植入个体.
科学领域:
- 听觉神经科学 听觉神经科学
- 语音感知 语音感知
- 耳植入器植入器植入器
背景情况:
- 了解听力史对语音感知的影响对于优化耳植入物 (CI) 结果至关重要.
- 之前的研究强调了早期干预的好处,但需要进一步研究特定的语音感知模式.
- 正常听力 (NH) 听众接触到光谱降解 (声编码) 刺激提供了与CI用户进行比较的基线.
研究的目的:
- 研究听力史对辅音感知得分和早期植入的青少年和语言植入后的成年人混模式的影响.
- 为了比较儿童植入,成人植入和正常听力 (语音编码) 参与者之间的语音感知能力.
- 为了识别特定于语音的错误,这些错误可以为耳植入物用户提供个性化干预策略.
主要方法:
- 在三个组中评估了辅音感知得分和混模式:早期植入的青少年,语言植入后的成年人,以及正常听力参与者倾听语音编码刺激.
- 分析了听觉体验,聋的持续时间和辅音感知之间的相关性.
- 检查了特定的语音错误模式,特别是无声摩擦 /θ/.
主要成果:
- 在正常听力儿童中,随着时间的增长,辅音感知有所改善.
- 对于耳植入物 (CI) 使用者来说,更大的听觉体验和更短的聋持续时间与更好的辅音感知有关,特别是在儿童植入物听者中.
- 与成人植入的听众相比,儿童植入的个体在识别 /θ/ 中表现出明显更多的错误.
结论:
- 早期的耳植入和扩展的听觉经验对辅音感知有好处,儿童植入的用户对某些音符特别敏感,例如 /θ/.
- 个别的语音错误模式可以指导个性化干预,潜在的重点是改善儿童植入用户对形式过渡或高频信息的访问.
- 延迟干预可能会对语音感知结果产生负面影响,对于语言之前聋的个体来说,比对语言后聋的个体更严重.
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