感觉神经听力损失儿童白质结构大脑网络的改变:对听觉敏感期的图形理论分析
Jiayan Zhuang1, Jin Wang1, Gengbiao Zhang1
1Department of Medical Imaging, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong Province, China, st120.cn.
Neural plasticity
|March 13, 2026
概括
感觉神经听力损失 (SNHL) 的儿童表现出大脑网络的变化,特别是在听觉敏感期之后. 早期的听力干预对于尽量减少白质损伤和认知影响至关重要.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发育神经科学的发展神经科学.
- 医疗成像医学成像
背景情况:
- 中央听觉系统在童年 (2-4岁) 期间表现出高度的可塑性,被称为听觉敏感时期.
- 耳植入 (CI) 在此期间为先天性神经神经听力损失 (CSNHL) 提供了良好的预后,但结果各不相同.
- 了解SNHL儿童白质网络变化对于改善CI结果至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在SNHL儿童中使用扩散张力成像 (DTI) 构建结构性大脑网络.
- 用图形理论分析这些网络的拓变化.
- 调查与听觉敏感时期相对的与年龄相关的白质网络变化.
主要方法:
- 109名SNHL儿童和61名对照儿童接受了DTI.
- 根据听觉敏感时期,参与者被分为两组:A组 (12-47个月) 和B组 (48-120个月).
- 图形理论分析应用于DTI数据,以评估结构性大脑网络拓.
主要成果:
- 与对照组相比,SNHL两组都表现出改变的网络拓.
- 组A显示高阶认知区域的节点参数下降,没有全球变化.
- B组在皮质区域显示节点参数减少,全球效率 (Eglob) 降低,以及子网络连接减弱.
结论:
- 在听觉敏感期之前,SNHL儿童的结构性大脑网络显示出最小的变化.
- 超过听觉敏感期会导致更明显的"聋脑"特征,影响更高层次的认知.
- 建议在听觉敏感时期之前立即进行听觉干预,以减轻白质网络损伤.
相关概念视频
Hearing
When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
Perception of Sound Waves
The human ear is not equally sensitive to all frequencies in the audible range. It may perceive sound waves with the same pressure but different frequencies as having different loudness. Moreover, the perception of sound waves depends on the health of an individual's ears, which decays with age. The health of one's ears may also be affected by regular exposure to loud noises.
The pitch of a sound depends on the frequency and the pressure amplitude of the source. Two sounds of the same frequency...
The pitch of a sound depends on the frequency and the pressure amplitude of the source. Two sounds of the same frequency...
Auditory Pathway
Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
When viewed cross-sectionally, the cochlea reveals the scala vestibuli and scala tympani flanking the...
When viewed cross-sectionally, the cochlea reveals the scala vestibuli and scala tympani flanking the...
Neuroplasticity
Neuroplasticity reflects the brain's remarkable capacity to adapt and evolve, responding dynamically to learning, experiences, or injury by reorganizing its neural circuitry. This reorganization involves creating new neural connections and refining old ones through a series of biological processes that contribute to the brain's lifelong development and adaptability.
Auditory Perception
The auditory system is essential for sound perception, utilizing various critical structures. When sound waves enter the outer ear, they travel through the ear canal and cause the eardrum to vibrate. These vibrations are then transmitted to the middle ear, where three tiny bones – the malleus, incus, and stapes – amplify the sound. This amplification is crucial, as it ensures that the sound vibrations are strong enough to be conveyed to the inner ear. These vibrations then reach the cochlea, a...
Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location
The human brain perceives pitch through two primary mechanisms reflected in place theory and frequency theory. Each mechanism describes how sound waves are interpreted as specific pitches by the brain, offering insights into the intricate processes of auditory perception.
Place theory, or place coding, suggests that different pitches are heard because various sound waves activate specific locations along the cochlea's basilar membrane. The brain determines the pitch of a sound by identifying...
Place theory, or place coding, suggests that different pitches are heard because various sound waves activate specific locations along the cochlea's basilar membrane. The brain determines the pitch of a sound by identifying...


