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儿科患者的肌内麻醉:这是一个有效的技术吗? 一个系统性审查和元分析
Claudia Salerno1, Silvia Cirio1, Aesha Allam1
1Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy.
Journal of clinical medicine
|March 14, 2026
概括
肌内麻醉 (ILA),特别是计算机控制系统 (CC-ILA),在儿科牙科中提供有效和安全的疼痛控制. 它提供了一种可行的替代传统的上皮骨透和下膜神经阻断技术.
科学领域:
- 儿科牙科 儿科牙科
- 麻醉学 麻醉学
- 基于证据的牙科.
背景情况:
- 在儿科牙科手术中,有效的疼痛管理至关重要.
- 骨上透 (SPA) 和下膜神经阻塞 (IANB) 是标准的局部麻醉 (LA) 技术.
- 肌内麻醉 (ILA) 是一种需要评估的潜在替代方案.
研究的目的:
- 在儿童中,与传统的LA技术相比,审查和评估ILA的有效性,安全性和可行性.
- 为了比较传统的ILA与计算机控制的ILA (CC-ILA).
主要方法:
- 2000年以后发表的随机对照试验 (RCT) 的系统综述和元分析.
- 搜索了三个数据库,遵守PRISMA指南,并在PROSPERO.上注册.
- 使用Cochrane的RoB 2.0工具评估了偏差风险,并使用随机效应模型进行了元分析.
主要成果:
- 在一些报告中,ILA显示疼痛感知较低,生理参数比IANB更好.
- CC-ILA比传统ILA更有效和更舒适,68%的患者喜欢IANB.
- 与IANB和CC-SPA相比,ILA的术后咬嘴唇的频率较低.
- 分析发现,ILA和IANB之间的疼痛感知没有显著差异 (p = 0.79).
结论:
- 肌内麻醉 (ILA),特别是CC-ILA,在儿科牙科中是有效的,安全的,并且耐受良好.
- 与传统的ILA和IANB相比,CC-ILA显示出更高的疗效和患者舒适度.
- ILA代表了儿童牙科患者的有效麻醉选择,有可能减少像咬嘴唇这样的不良影响.
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