人工智能对临终病患者护理的影响
Florbela Gonçalves1,2, Margarida Gaudencio1, Sofia B Nunes2
1Internal Medicine and Palliative Care Service, Portuguese Institute of Oncology Francisco Gentil Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal.
Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 14, 2026
概括
人工智能 (AI) 在息护理 (PC) 中表现有前途,用于预测和决策支持等任务. 然而,人工智能补充,而不是取代,在终身护理中的同理心和同情心的基本人类元素.
科学领域:
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 生物伦理学生物伦理学
背景情况:
- 全球人口老龄化增加了对息护理 (PC) 和生命终端 (EOL) 服务的需求.
- 由于慢性病的增加和PC的有限人力资源,医疗保健系统面临着压力.
- 人工智能 (AI) 为改善医疗保健提供提供了潜在的解决方案.
研究的目的:
- 对人工智能在息护理中的影响进行文献审查.
- 强调人工智能在终身护理中的临床应用和伦理考虑.
主要方法:
- 2015-2025年间出版的文学作品的叙事综述.
- 在PUBMED,CINAHL和Web of Science上使用与AI,机器学习,PC,EOL护理和道德相关的关键词进行的搜索.
- 专题综合发现,重点关注应用和道德问题.
主要成果:
- 人工智能证明了PC在预后,症状评估,临床决策支持和沟通方面的潜力.
- 目前的证据主要是探索性的,现实世界的验证有限.
- 人工智能不能复制人类的同情心,情感支持或同情心,只能作为补充人类的护理.
结论:
- 人工智能技术可以帮助解决PC方面的挑战,例如访问和劳动力压力.
- 人工智能在PC中的实施引发了关于自主性,透明度,数据治理和人类尊严的重大伦理问题.
- 人工智能应该被视为一种支持性工具,增强但不能取代息治疗中的人类因素.
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