绵羊和山羊的营养利用,需求和营养学
1College of Agriculture and Natural Resources Management, University of Hawaii, Hilo, HI 96720, USA.
Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
|March 14, 2026
概括
更新绵羊和山羊的营养要求对于提高生产效率和可持续性至关重要. 自2007年以来的研究揭示了新的能源和蛋白质需求,考虑了诸如品种,气候和精密营养新兴技术等因素.
科学领域:
- 动物营养和生理学
- 动物的新陈代谢和要求
- 农业科学与技术 农业科学与技术
背景情况:
- 2007年国家研究委员会 (NRC) 关于绵羊和山羊营养要求的指南是基础性的,但需要更新.
- 提高生产效率,最大限度地减少环境影响和优化资源使用需要精细的营养需求估计.
- 绵羊和山羊生产在全球日益增长的重要性推动了对最新和准确的营养数据的需求.
研究的目的:
- 审查和讨论自2007年以来对绵羊和山羊的能量和蛋白质需求估计的进展.
- 突出影响营养需求确定性的新兴因素和方法.
- 探索精准营养和新技术的潜力,如营养基因组学,以实现未来的进步.
主要方法:
- 对实证养实验,比较屠宰技术和最小内源性损失方法的审查.
- 对维护,生长和生产绵羊和山羊的能量和蛋白质需求的最新数据的分析.
- 讨论影响营养需求的传统和新兴因素 (气候变化,营养基因组学,人工智能,传感器技术).
主要成果:
- 对于羊的能量和蛋白质需求的最新估计通常与2007年的建议相似或低于2007年的建议,受品种,羊毛生长和性别的影响.
- 羊的能量和蛋白质需求因品种 (肉类与乳制品) 和生命阶段而异,一些现有的建议可能不足.
- 气候变化和营养基因组学和人工智能的进步等新兴因素为准确的营养需求预测提供了新的途径.
结论:
- 现有的营养需求模型需要改进,以纳入羊和山羊的品种,环境和生理变化.
- 营养基因组学,人工智能和传感器技术等新兴技术对开发精确营养策略充满希望.
- 未来的研究应该专注于整合这些进展,以提高营养需求建议的准确性和适用性,以提高动物生产和可持续性.
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