使用基于零交叉的时间延迟测量用于在GNSS拒绝的环境中导航的稳健的到达方向估计
Lin Lian1, Shenpeng Li1, Guojun Huang1
1Ordnance NCO Academy, Army Engineering University of PLA, Wuhan 430075, China.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 14, 2026
概括
本研究将远程导航-C (Loran-C) 信号的到达方向 (DOA) 估计方法进行比较. 基于零交叉的最小平方 (ZC-LS) 为洛兰-C接收器提供了精度,稳定性和实时性能的最佳平衡.
科学领域:
- 导航系统 导航系统 导航系统
- 信号处理 信号处理
- 地质物理学 地质物理学
背景情况:
- 准确的到达方向 (DOA) 估计对于导航系统至关重要.
- 远程导航-C (Loran-C) 信号为全球导航卫星系统 (GNSS) 提供了潜在的替代方案或补充.
- 超短基线 (USBL) 阵列为DOA估计提供了一个紧的解决方案.
研究的目的:
- 使用USBL阵列调查和比较洛兰-C信号的DOA估计技术.
- 评估基于关联的最小平方 (Corr-LS),基于零交叉的最小平方 (ZC-LS) 和多个信号分类 (MUSIC) 算法的性能.
- 为了确定最适合的算法紧型洛兰-C接收器在GNSS挑战的环境.
主要方法:
- 实施两种最小平方DOA估计方法:Corr-LS和ZC-LS,基于在USBL阵列中的元素间延迟测量.
- 应用多重信号分类 (MUSIC) 算法作为基于共差的DOA估计器进行比较.
- 使用来自三个不同的传输站的洛兰-C信号进行实验验证,每站收集100个有效的脉冲组.
主要成果:
- 在DOA估计中,Corr-LS表现出最大的差异,特别是在干扰方面.
- 通过利用洛伦-C波形的零交叉结构,ZC-LS显示了减少的方差和偏差.
- 音乐提供了最集中的近视角估计,但产生了更高的计算成本,并需要一个良好的条件共变矩阵.
结论:
- 与Corr-LS和MUSIC相比,ZC-LS提供了卓越的角度精度,抗干扰强度和实时可行性的平衡.
- 采用 ZC-LS 方法非常适合小型的洛兰-C 接收器.
- 在GNSS可用性有限的环境中,ZC-LS可以作为一种有价值的补充导航技术.
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