鉴定和生物控制与摩洛哥的仙桃状木种疾病相关的真菌病原体
Asmae Azzouzi1,2, Oumaima El Ayssaly2, Mohammed Baala1,3
1Plant Protection Department, Hassan II Institute of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine (CEDoc-IAV), BP 6202, Rabat 10112, Morocco.
Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 14, 2026
概括
这项研究确定了影响摩洛哥仙人掌梨作物的真菌病原体,发现Alternaria alternata是最具侵略性的. 精选的细菌和真菌对抗剂有效控制了这种疾病,特定的Bacillus和Pseudomonas菌株显示出有前途.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 植物病理学 植物病理学
- 微生物学 微生物学
背景情况:
- 仙人掌梨 (Opuntia spp.) 的种类. 是干旱地区在经济和生态上至关重要的.
- 农作物密集化导致了仙人掌梨的新兴真菌病.
- 了解这些病原体和开发生物控制策略对于可持续种植至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在摩洛哥的仙人掌梨种植中识别导致cladode症状的真菌病原体.
- 评估细菌和真菌对抗剂对已识别的病原体的疗效.
- 研究有效生物控制剂的作用机制.
主要方法:
- 隔离和识别从症状状的仙人掌梨类菌株的真菌.
- 在体外和体外对抗性测试使用细菌分离物 (Bacillus, Pseudomonas) 和Trichoderma harzianum对抗Alternaria alternata.
- 对生物控制机制的分析,包括挥发性有机化合物,酶生产和脂生物合成基因.
主要成果:
- 鉴定出Alternaria alternata,Alternaria tenuissima,Collettotrichum gloeosporioides和Aspergillus tubingensis是导致病因的物质.
- 阿尔特纳里亚·阿尔特纳塔是最具侵略性的病原体.
- 细菌分离物西蒙氏菌,高耐度菌和伪蒙氏菌,以及Trichoderma harzianum,在体外和体内表现出显著的抗真菌活性,对A. alternata. 然而,T. harzianum在O. ficus-indica和O. megacantha上显示出致病潜力.
结论:
- 特定的细菌分离物 (B. siamensis,B. halotolerans,P. peli) 是有效的生物控制剂,用于 Alternaria alternata 在仙桃仙人掌中.
- 这些有效的细菌利用挥发性有机化合物进行对抗,并表现出不同的酶活性.
- 为了加强生物控制策略,需要对P. peli产生的脂的进一步研究.
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