维生素B组合对心血管疾病的复杂影响:三十年来随机对照试验的系统审查和元分析
Ruodi Ren1, Andrew Yang2, Allison Chow3
1College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55415, USA.
Nutrients
|March 14, 2026
概括
维生素B组合对主要心血管结果没有一致的益处. 然而,在精选的初级预防组中,它们可能会减少中风和主要不良心血管事件 (MACE).
科学领域:
- 心血管疾病研究研究
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 基于证据的医学基于证据的医学.
背景情况:
- 维生素B组合在预防心血管疾病,如心肌梗塞 (MI) 和中风中的作用仍在争论中.
- 现有的研究对其有效性提出了相互矛盾的证据.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和元分析评估B维生素组合的随机对照试验 (RCT).
- 评估B族维生素组合与三十年来死亡率和动脉血栓结局之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed,Embase,Web of Science和Cochrane图书馆对1996年至2025年间发表的RCT进行了全面的搜索.
- 纳入标准要求最低试验持续时间为24个月.
- 数据提取和偏差风险评估由两位审稿人独立使用Cochrane风险偏差2.0工具进行.
主要成果:
- 其中包括了13个RCT,共68363名参与者.
- 维生素B组合显示,中风和主要不良心血管事件 (MACE) 的减少不显著.
- 在初级预防群体中观察到中风和MACE的显著减少,在二级预防中出现了适度的MACE减少.
结论:
- 证据受到试验设计,种群和结果定义异质性的限制.
- 维生素B组合并不总是有利于主要的心血管结果.
- 在特定的初级预防人群中,在中风和MACE减少方面存在潜在的益处,受基线风险和叶酸强化影响.
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