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基于数值模拟的研究,研究城市排水网络在典型平原城市中对洪水和道路风险的反应
Yanhong Wang1, Jingming Hou1, Donglai Li1
1State Key Laboratory of Water Engineering Ecology and Environment in Arid Area, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, China.
Journal of environmental management
|March 14, 2026
概括
城市排水系统显著降低了雨水洪水的风险,降低了洪水量,提前了洪水峰值时间. 这项研究强调了它们在减轻城市洪水,特别是脆弱城市的关键作用.
科学领域:
- 环境工程 环境工程
- 城市水文学 城市水文学
- 适应气候变化 适应气候变化
背景情况:
- 越来越多的暴雨事件加剧了城市暴雨洪水风险,特别是在基础设施不足的中小型城市.
- 排水系统对城市洪水,特别是道路网络的时空空间缓解效应尚未完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 调查城市排水系统对关键城市地区暴雨洪水的缓解效应.
- 分析排水系统对表面洪水,道路洪水和各种降雨情景下的洪水风险再分配的影响.
主要方法:
- 开发一个集成的水力动力学框架,结合GAST (2D) 和SWMM (1D) 模型.
- 在两个条件下模拟18个降雨情景 (1a-100a回归周期):有排水 (WN) 和没有排水 (NN).
- 表面洪水,道路洪水减少和洪水风险再分配的比较分析.
主要成果:
- 排水系统 (WN) 减少了高峰表面和道路淹水量,分别高达50.92%和69.81%.
- 高峰道路淹水时间提前了24-36分钟,使其与高峰降雨强度脱而出.
- 在100a事件中,高风险 (4级) 道路网减少了65%以上,所有风险级别都有显著的减少.
结论:
- 城市排水系统在缓解中度和极度降雨引起的洪水方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
- 将排水基础设施纳入城市洪水模型和风险评估对于弹性雨水管理至关重要.
- 研究结果支持为脆弱城市制定气候适应性排水策略.
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