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印度的持久有机污染物:多部门趋势,源指纹和新出现的环境挑战 (2000-2025)

Dasari Babu Mallesh¹, B Upendra¹, T M Vishnu Maya¹

¹ESSO-National Centre for Earth Science Studies, Akkulam, Thiruvananthapuram, 695011, India.

The Science of the total environment

|March 14, 2026

概括

持续有机污染物 (POP) 仍然是印度的一个问题,农村地区的遗留农药和城市中心的工业污染物. 解决这些问题需要改善环境和健康保护的监测和监管框架.

科学领域:

环境化学环境化学
环境科学环境科学
化学工程是化学工程的重要组成部分.

背景情况:

持续有机污染物 (POP),包括多环芳 (PAH),多二 (PCB) 和有机农药 (OCP),尽管有监管措施,但仍在继续污染印度的环境.
这些污染物由于其持久性和生物积累,对生态系统和人类健康构成风险.

研究的目的:

审查印度25年 (2000-2025) 的POP研究,重点关注环境发生,来源,分析方法,风险和政策差距.
建立一个长期监测和基于风险的政策制定框架,用于印度的POPs.

主要方法:

以PRISMA为指导的文献选和质量加权的数据综合.
地化学空间整合和受体建模用于源分配.
审查分析技术的进步,如高分辨率质谱和同位素指纹.

主要成果:

POP污染是异质的,受土地使用,工业活动和水文地质学的影响. 传统的OCPs主导着农业地区,PAHs在城市中心普遍存在,PCB从工业来源持续存在.
沉积物充当了沉积池和POPs的二次来源. 先进的分析方法改善了检测和来源识别.
风险评估显示致癌,内分泌干扰和神经发育影响,在水生食物网中观察到生物放大.

结论:

印度国家监测,分析标准化和对POPs的风险评估方法存在重大差距.
加强POP管理需要协调监测,协调协议,开放数据系统,并与全球化学品治理框架保持一致.

关键词:

环境污染环境污染人类和生态风险人类和生态风险持久性有机污染物持久性有机污染物来源分配的分配方式斯德哥尔摩公约斯德哥尔摩公约

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