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Updated: Mar 17, 2026

Diagnosing Pulmonary Tuberculosis with the Xpert MTB/RIF Test
Published on: April 9, 2012
在肺结核可疑患者中,用于结核病检测的原始唾液和未被污染的唾液颗粒的比较诊断产量
Atul Sirsat1, Michael Pereira1, Amit Nirmalkar2
1Division of Microbiology, ICMR-National Institute of Translational Virology and AIDS Research, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
使用Xpert MTB/RIF试验的去污的唾液颗粒可以提高结核病诊断的准确性. 这种方法提高了特异性,减少了假阳性,有助于在高负荷设置中可靠检测.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 诊断技术 诊断技术 诊断技术
背景情况:
- 肺结核的早期诊断对于有效的治疗和控制至关重要.
- 专家MTB/RIF测定提供快速检测,但可以在原始唾液或被消毒的颗粒上进行.
- 对于这些样本类型,使用文化作为黄金标准存在有限的直接比较.
研究的目的:
- 直接比较Xpert MTB/RIF测定在原始唾液上的诊断性能与未被污染的唾液颗粒的诊断性能.
- 评估样本处理对测定灵敏度,特异性和与培养方法一致性的影响.
- 评估Xpert结果与细菌负载估计之间的相关性.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及印度浦那可能患有PTB的349名成年人的横截面研究.
- 测试了配对的唾液样本:一个直接通过Xpert,另一个在NALC-NaOH脱污和度后进行测试,其次是Xpert,MGIT和LJ培养.
- 分析了性能指标,包括灵敏度,特异性,正预测值 (PPV) 和一致性.
主要成果:
- 在38.7%的参与者中,MGIT培养物检测到Mycobacterium结核病 (MTB).
- 在原始唾液上的Xpert检测到MTB的比例为40.7% (灵敏度为88.9%),而颗粒检测到MTB的比例为37.2% (灵敏度为89.6%).
- 清除污染的颗粒显示出显著更高的特异性 (95.8% vs. 89.7%) 和PPV (93.1% vs. 84.5%),在所有诊断方法中均有更好的一致性.
结论:
- 在Xpert MTB/RIF测试中将唾液加工成未被污染的颗粒,可以保持诊断灵敏度,同时大大提高特异性并减少假阳性.
- 颗粒处理提高了与培养和AFB涂抹显微镜的一致性,提供了更可靠的细菌负载估计.
- 这种方法推用于在高负担环境中检测结核病,特别是在具有挑战性的病例中,如 paucibacillary,再治疗或同时感染HIV的患者.
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