为了更清洁的能源转型,回收化石基础设施
Hauke Schlesier1,2, Gonzalo Guillén-Gosálbez3, Harald Desing4
1Technology and Society Laboratory, Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, St. Gallen, Switzerland.
Nature communications
|March 16, 2026
概括
从过时的化石基础设施中回收钢铁和铜提供了显著的环境效益. 这种城市采矿方法可以满足可再生能源的需求,减少碳足迹,节省数万亿的外部性成本.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 能源政策 能源政策
背景情况:
- 全球气候危机需要快速扩大可再生能源基础设施.
- 这种扩张增加了对具有重大环境足迹的原材料的需求.
- 城市采矿或废物回收是一种减轻这些影响的潜在解决方案.
研究的目的:
- 评估从过时的化石燃料基础设施回收材料对环境的影响.
- 量化利用城市采矿钢铁和铜在能源转型中的潜在好处.
- 评估这种回收方法的经济可行性和环境优势.
主要方法:
- 使用生命周期评估 (LCA) 来评估环境影响.
- 环境影响的货币化被用来量化外部性成本.
- 对化石基础设施的材料库存分析与预计的能源转型需求进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 从化石基础设施中回收钢铁和铜是特别有前途的,因为现有库存.
- 回收这些材料可以满足预计的能源转型需求的很大一部分.
- 到2050年,可以大幅减少二氧化碳排放 (高达1.95千亿) 和外部性成本 (高达11.69万亿美元).
- 回收的钢铁和铜在当前的生产方法下仍然具有竞争力.
结论:
- 从已退役的化石基础设施回收钢铁和铜是可持续材料采购的可行策略.
- 这种方法显著减少了可再生能源技术 (如风能和太阳能) 的环境足迹.
- 城市钢铁和铜矿开采提供了支持能源转型的关键机会,同时减轻气候变化影响.
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