低风险手术中的低价值手术前护理:对卫生系统可持续性的临床和经济负担
Josiane F John1,2, Ana Paula B S Etges1,3, Daniel Sganzerla4
1National Institute of Science and Technology for Health Technology Assessment (IATS)- CNPq/Brazil (project: 465518/2014-1), Porto Alegre, Brazil.
概括
低价值的手术前检测在低风险手术中很常见,浪费资源而没有改善患者的结果. 减少这些不必要的测试可以节省数百万美元,并为必要的程序提供资金.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健管理的管理
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
- 外科手术的结果
背景情况:
- 在低风险的手术中,低价值的手术前检测的流行仍然存在,尽管有证据反对常规使用.
- 这种做法导致可避免的浪费和潜在的伤害,特别是在资源有限的环境中.
- 在中等收入国家,关于手术前护理实践的当地证据往往很少.
研究的目的:
- 评估巴西低风险非心脏手术手术中的手术前护理实践,相关成本和术后结果.
- 量化低价值手术前护理的范围及其经济影响.
- 确定改善医疗保健效率和资源分配的机会.
主要方法:
- 对门诊低风险手术的行政索赔数据的回顾性分析 (2018年中期至2023年中期).
- 包括轻微的泌尿器科/妇科手术,腹腔镜胆囊切除术,修复等.
- 评估手术前的咨询,测试,报销费用和30天的术后结果 (急诊,重新干预,再接收,死亡率).
主要成果:
- 在27,678项手术中,57.5%涉及至少一次手术前检查,每次手术平均有3次咨询.
- 术前护理的总支出为10.88亿雷,因减少50%的不必要服务,可能节省544万雷.
- 低的术后并发症率 (5.4%的急诊,0.9%的再入院,0.2%的再干预,0%的死亡率) 尽管测试量很高.
结论:
- 在低风险手术中观察到大量过度使用低价值的手术前服务,没有产生可衡量的临床益处.
- 减少不必要的手术前护理为医疗机构提供了一个明显的机会,以提高效率和减少浪费.
- 通过减少手术前检测来优化资源配置,可以在不损害患者安全的情况下改善医疗保健系统的性能.
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