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相关概念视频

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism00:57

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

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The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
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Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:03

Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview

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Step-growth or condensation polymerization is a stepwise reaction of bi or multifunctional monomers to form long-chain polymers. As all the monomers are reactive, most of the monomers are consumed at the early stages of the reaction to form small chains of reactive oligomers, which then combine to form long polymer chains in the late stages. Hence, the reaction has to proceed for a long time to achieve high molecular weight polymers.
Many natural and synthetic polymers are produced by...
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Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism01:09

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

3.7K
The radical chain-growth polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination of polymerization. The polymerization initiates when a free radical generated from the radical initiator adds to the unsaturated bond in the monomer. The unpaired electron of the free radical and one π electron in the unsaturated bond creates a σ bond between the free radical and the monomer. As a result, the other π electron in the unsaturated bond converts this species into...
3.7K
Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:10

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

3.6K
Chain-growth or addition polymerization is successive addition reactions of monomers with a polymer chain. In radical chain-growth polymerization, the reaction proceeds via a free-radical intermediate. The free radical is formed from radical initiators, which spontaneously generate free radicals by homolytic fission. Organic peroxides (such as dibenzoyl peroxide, as shown in Figure 1) or azo compounds are popular radical initiators. A low concentration ratio of radical initiator to monomer is...
3.6K
Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Acyclic Diene Metathesis (ADMET)00:53

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Acyclic Diene Metathesis (ADMET)

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Acyclic diene metathesis polymerization or ADMET polymerization involves cross-metathesis of terminal dienes, such as 1,8-nonadiene, to give linear unsaturated polymer and ethylene. As ADMET is a reversible process, the formed ethylene gas must be removed from the reaction mixture to complete the polymerization process.
Similar to cross-metathesis, ADMET also involves the formation of metallacyclobutane intermediate by [2+2] cycloaddition of one of the double bonds of a terminal diene with...
2.3K
Ziegler–Natta Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:17

Ziegler–Natta Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

4.2K
Ziegler–Natta polymerization is another form of addition or chain‐growth polymerization used for synthesizing linear polymers over branched polymers. The catalyst used for polymerization is the Ziegler–Natta catalyst, named after Karl Ziegler and Giulio Natta, who developed it in 1953. This catalyst is an organometallic complex of titanium tetrachloride and triethyl aluminum, with the active form of the catalyst being an alkyl titanium compound. Using the Ziegler–Natta...
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对点击类型功能化和可编程聚合物解构的双路径策略.

Ivan O Levkovsky1, Lucca Trachsel1, Hironobu Murata1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States.

Macromolecules
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概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

这项研究引入了一种新的双功能单体,用于制造先进的聚合物材料. 这些材料提供精确的功能化和受控的骨干降解,为可回收和响应刺激的聚合物架构铺平了道路.

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科学领域:

  • 宏观分子工程 宏观分子工程
  • 聚合物化学 聚合物化学
  • 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学

背景情况:

  • 开发具有精确控制降解的功能性聚合物是一个重大挑战.
  • 现有的方法往往缺乏模块化或刺激响应性降解能力.

研究的目的:

  • 提出一个分子设计策略,将直角后聚合修饰与刺激响应的骨干可降解性整合起来.
  • 合成一种双功能单体,使其能够实现模块化功能和编程降解.

主要方法:

  • 通过将β-triketone (TK) 部分纳入由α-lipoic 酸衍生的1,2-dithiolane中,合成了一种双重功能单体,tricetone-lipoic 酸 (TKLA).
  • 利用光诱导的电子/能量转移可逆添加-碎片化链转移 (PET-RAFT) 共聚合制造精确定义的共聚合物.
  • 采用β-triketone-amine凝聚剂用于模块化功能化和减少二硫化物骨干裂解的条件.

主要成果:

  • 在单个步骤中实现了具有悬挂TK组和富含二硫化物骨干的精确定义的共聚物.
  • 证明了TC基与氨基的定量反应,以形成模块化替代剂安装的动态β,β'-二基胺 (DKE).
  • 在减少环境下展示了选择性骨干碎片化,保持侧链化学.

结论:

  • 建立了功能性,可回收和刺激响应的聚合物架构的分子设计策略.
  • 结合TK-胺凝结和基于脂酸的可降解性,为先进的聚合物合成提供了一个多功能平台.
  • 这种方法使得聚合物功能的受控解构和重新配置成为可能.