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建筑工人的热暴露和健康结果:系统性审查和元分析

Behdin Nowrouzi-Kia^1,2,3, Vijay Kumar Chattu^4,5,6, Thankam S Sunil⁷

¹Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, ON, Canada.

Environmental health insights

|March 16, 2026

概括

气候变化通过暴露于热量而严重损害建筑工人,导致脱水和与热有关的疾病. 针对性干预对于这个弱势群体至关重要.

科学领域:

职业健康职业健康职业健康职业健康
环境健康环境健康
适应气候变化适应气候变化

背景情况:

气候变化正在增加户外工作者的热暴露风险.
建筑工人因热应激而面临重大健康挑战.
在这个人群中,不良的身体健康结果和减少的工作能力与暴露于热量有关.

研究的目的:

系统地审查和元分析暴露于热量的建筑工人身体健康结果的流行情况.
分析暴露于热量,健康结果和工作表现之间的关系,考虑性别和年龄.
识别知识缺口,以保护建筑工人免受气候变化影响.

主要方法:

按照PRISMA指南进行系统审查和元分析.
在主要的科学数据库 (APA PsycINFO,MEDLINE,Embase,CINAHL,Web of Science) 进行的搜索.
包括17项研究,将结果分为脱水,与热有关的疾病 (HRI),功能障碍和与热有关的死亡.

主要成果:

脱水显示单个研究中患病率最高 (0.97).
热相关疾病 (HRI) 的综合流行率为0.40,具有很高的异质性 (I2>95%).
在混合性研究中,表现为元回归的男性报告了较低的热障碍患病率 (β = -2.09,P = .049).

结论:

暴露于热量对建筑工人的身体健康构成重大风险,特别是脱水和HRI.
对性别敏感的策略和干预措施对于减轻热量对这一职业群体的影响至关重要.
需要进一步研究心理因素和有效的干预措施,以保护建筑工人免受气候变化的影响.

关键词:

建筑工人建筑工人建筑工人暴露于热量的热量暴露.与热量相关的疾病.职业健康职业健康职业健康系统性审查系统性审查

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