卫生干预中社会支持的概念化和操作化:一个范围审查
Jessica Kersey1, Sangjin Lee1, Lisa Tabor Connor1
1Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA.
BMJ public health
|March 16, 2026
概括
慢性疾病的社会支持干预通常侧重于情感和信息方面的方面. 未来的研究应该包括亲切的支持和积极的社会互动,以获得更好的结果.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 社会科学 社会科学 社会科学
背景情况:
- 社会支持对患有慢性病的人的健康结果产生重大影响.
- 在健康研究中,社会支持的概念化和运作方式存在相当大的差异.
- 了解这些变化对于有效的干预设计至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 检查慢性健康状况的成年人群中社会支持的概念化,测量和干预策略.
- 识别社会支持干预措施的差距和需要改进的领域.
主要方法:
- 使用多个数据库 (PubMed/Medline,EMBASE,NIBAHL,PsycInfo) 进行了一个范围审查.
- 研究包括加强慢性疾病或残疾成年人的社会支持的干预措施.
- 提取的数据包括研究特征,社会支持措施,所涉及的领域和干预组件.
主要成果:
- 审查了110项研究,主要涉及情绪支持 (85.1%) 和信息支持 (54.4%).
- 有形支持 (5.3%),情感支持和积极的社会互动的频率较少.
- 干预经常利用双向格式,同行支持者和心理健康专业人员,专注于心理社会技能和社交网络扩张.
结论:
- 社会支持最好被理解为一个动态的关系过程,强调情感联系和共同的经验.
- 未来的干预措施应该更有效地整合感情支持和积极的社会互动.
- 干预措施也应该适应不同的文化和社会偏好.
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