墨西哥老年人的非药物精神健康干预:系统审查
María Fernanda Zapata-De la Rosa1, Harvey Apolonio-Cortés1, Rodrigo Ramirez-Rodriguez2
1Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Veracruzana, Minatitlan Campus, Veracruz, Mexico.
Frontiers in aging
|March 16, 2026
概括
非药物干预,特别是体育活动,在改善墨西哥老年人的心理健康方面显示出强有力的结果. 将这些以证据为基础的计划整合到国家医疗保健系统中,对公共卫生至关重要.
科学领域:
- 老年人的心理健康
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 基于证据的干预措施
背景情况:
- 墨西哥面临着人口加快老龄化,在老年精神健康方面造成了重大公共卫生挑战.
- 非药物干预 (NPI) 是一个有希望的方法,但国家证据是分散的.
- 本综述解决了对墨西哥NPI疗效的综合理解的需要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和评估NPI在改善60岁及以上的墨西哥成年人的心理健康结果方面的有效性.
- 为了确定哪些类型的NPIs对于特定的老年精神健康问题是最有效的.
- 为墨西哥NPI实施的政策和实践提供信息.
主要方法:
- 在PROSPERO (CRD420251033051) 注册的PRISMA 2020指南的系统审查.
- 搜索了PubMed,Scopus和虚拟健康图书馆 (2010-2025) 随机对照试验和准实验研究.
- 使用乔安娜·布里格斯研究所工具评估偏见风险.
主要成果:
- 包括七项研究 (N=267,平均年龄为71.9).
- 身体炼干预表明了强大的结果,显著减少抑郁症状 (ηp2 = 0.35) 和增强性 (ηp2 = 0.46).
- 认知和回忆疗法改善了自尊 (d = -0.89),但对情绪产生了不一致的影响.
结论:
- 结构化的体力活动是墨西哥老年精神健康的强大和可扩展的NPI.
- 现有文献显示异质性和有限的地理覆盖,突出研究和实践之间的差距.
- 政策制定者应该将标准化,基于证据的NPI协议纳入国家老年护理系统.
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