报告给美国中毒中心的儿科西拉暴露的特征,2010-2024年
Matthew Robert Dernbach1, Michael Yeh2, Joshua Schier1
1Division of Overdose Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.)
|March 16, 2026
概括
在非法药物中越来越多地发现了西拉 (未被批准用于人类). 儿科克西拉暴露不常见,但可能导致中枢神经系统的抑郁,特别是与芬太尼结合时,导致严重的后果.
科学领域:
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
- 儿科医学 儿科医学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 作为α-2上腺素受体激动剂的西拉,未经批准用于人类.
- 在美国越来越多地检测到非法药物供应,通常与芬太尼一起发生.
- 有限的数据存在于儿童群体中的克西拉暴露.
研究的目的:
- 分析儿童和青少年 (0-19岁) 克西拉相关暴露的趋势和特征.
- 描述儿科西拉暴露的临床效应和结果.
- 为了告知临床警关于西拉作为非法药物供应中的杂物.
主要方法:
- 从2010年1月到2024年12月,向国家毒素数据系统 (NPDS) 报告的与雪拉相关暴露的回顾性分析.
- 包括0-19岁的儿童和青少年.
- 对暴露人口统计,同时出现的物质,临床效应和结果的描述性分析.
主要成果:
- 确定了109例儿科西拉暴露,在2022-2024年显著增加.
- 大多数暴露涉及同时出现的物质,主要是芬太尼 (50.5%).
- 仅暴露于西拉会导致中枢神经系统的抑郁和心肌梗塞;同时暴露于芬太尼会导致严重的中枢神经系统和呼吸系统的抑郁,有6人死亡 (所有人同时暴露于芬太尼).
结论:
- 儿科的克西拉暴露相对不常见,但需要注意.
- 儿童的临床效应可能与成人不同,西拉可能会加剧芬太尼毒性.
- 临床医生必须保持警西拉作为非法药物供应中的新兴杂物.
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