眼科实践中的感染控制:评估指南对知识,态度和实践行为的影响
Kerryn Hart1,2, Sheela Kumaran3, Nicole Carnt3
1Education and Research, Optometry Australia, Carlton, Australia. k.hart@deakin.edu.au.
概括
澳大利亚的眼科医生在参与感染控制 (IC) 准则后表现出更好的知识,但这并没有改变实践行为. 需要多方面的策略来解决障碍,并改进光学中的IC实践.
科学领域:
- 视光学测量 视光学测量 视光学测量
- 感染控制 感染控制
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 感染控制 (IC) 对于光学设置中的患者安全至关重要.
- 关于光学家与IC相关的知识,态度和实践行为 (KAP) 的理解有限.
- 在澳大利亚的眼科医生中评估和改善IC实践是必不可少的.
研究的目的:
- 评估澳大利亚眼科医生的感染控制相关知识,态度和实践行为 (KAP).
- 确定是否与更新的IC指南进行接触可以增强光学家的IC相关KAP.
- 确定最佳IC实践和首选教育资源的障碍.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及澳大利亚眼科医生的两部分研究:横截面调查 (A部分) 和干预前后研究 (B部分).
- 部分A评估了IC相关的KAP,使用调查和人口统计问题. 知识是通过MCQs/True-False测量,而态度和行为则使用Rash尺度.
- 部分B涉及随机分配参与者,在重新调查之前接受更新的IC指南 (干预) 或不接受 (控制),以评估指南的影响.
主要成果:
- 部分A (n=302) 显示了适度的知识 (平均58%),支持的态度 (中位数为79/100) 和报告的行为 (中位数为64/100),在计量器消毒和排除期中存在差距.
- 最佳实践的障碍包括时间不足 (47%),缺乏工作场所支持 (29%) 和设备访问 (28%).
- 干预组的B部分 (n=73) 显示了显著的知识 (p<0.01) 和态度 (p=0.02) 改善,但自我报告的行为没有显著变化.
结论:
- 参与IC指南显著提高了眼科医生的知识,但没有导致行为变化.
- 环境和动机障碍必须通过多方面的,基于理论的战略来解决.
- 实施基于证据的IC实践需要将指导方针传播与有针对性的干预措施和可信赖资源相结合.
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