菌体与宿主相互作用的动力学在Bacteroides fragilis中通过单细胞转录组学来解决
Anika Gupta1,2, Norma Morella3, Dmitry Sutormin1
1Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, USA.
Nature communications
|March 17, 2026
概括
细菌单细胞RNA测序揭示了Bacteroides fragilis如何在菌体感染后存活下来. 它确定了耐药细菌的子群和关键的遗传因素,如囊多糖,使其能够在没有突变的情况下生存.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 系统生物学 系统生物学
背景情况:
- 菌体与宿主之间的相互作用是复杂的,并且经常被大量研究,掩盖单个细胞变异.
- 了解细菌对菌体的防御是控制感染和开发菌体疗法的关键.
研究的目的:
- 用单细胞RNA测序研究单个细菌细胞中菌体感染的动态.
- 为了确定细菌亚群和遗传因素赋予抗菌素感染的耐药性.
- 建立细菌单细胞RNA测序作为研究宿主菌体相互作用的工具.
主要方法:
- 使用单细胞RNA测序,对大约5万个被菌体细菌菌体感染的个体Bacteroides fragilis细胞的转录组进行分析.
- 量化异步菌素感染进展,并在单细胞水平重建感染时间线.
- 在感染期间分析宿主和菌体的转录变化,以确定抵抗机制.
主要成果:
- 发现了细菌的表型亚种群,在菌体暴露期间保持不感染.
- 确定了相变性囊型多糖 (CPS) 生物合成途径和手足基因作为菌体敏感性的关键决定因素.
- 揭示了全基因组的相位变化和随机性,有助于细菌的生存和再生,没有新的突变.
结论:
- 细菌单细胞RNA测序是剖析宿主-菌体动态的一个强大的平台.
- 阶段变化和随机性在细菌对菌体的防御中起着重要作用.
- 了解这些机制可以为管理细菌感染和提高菌菌体治疗疗效的策略提供信息.
相关概念视频
01:26DNA Bacteriophages
1.3K
Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that specifically infect bacteria, utilizing their genetic material to hijack host cellular machinery for replication. DNA bacteriophages employ single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) or double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) genomes. These phages exhibit diverse replication strategies and host interactions, influencing their ecological roles and applications in biotechnology and medicine.ssDNA BacteriophagesssDNA phages, with their small genomes, utilize unique strategies to...
1.3K
01:30Lytic Cycle of Bacteriophages
79.5K
Bacteriophages, also known as phages, are specialized viruses that infect bacteria. A key characteristic of phages is their distinctive “head-tail” morphology. A phage begins the infection process (i.e., lytic cycle) by attaching to the outside of a bacterial cell. Attachment is accomplished via proteins in the phage tail that bind to specific receptor proteins on the outer surface of the bacterium. The tail injects the phage’s DNA genome into the bacterial cytoplasm. In the...
79.5K
01:20Viral Replication: Lytic Cycle
2.3K
Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that specifically infect bacteria. Among them, T-even bacteriophages, such as T4, exhibit a well-characterized lytic replication cycle in Escherichia coli (E. coli). This process ensures the rapid proliferation of the virus while ultimately leading to the destruction of the bacterial host.Attachment and DNA InjectionThe infection process begins with the recognition and binding of the T4 phage to the E. coli cell surface. Tail fibers of the phage...
2.3K
00:43Lysogenic Cycle of Bacteriophages
69.1K
In contrast to the lytic cycle, phages infecting bacteria via the lysogenic cycle do not immediately kill their host cell. Instead, they combine their genome with the host genome, allowing the bacteria to replicate the phage DNA along with the bacterial genome. The incorporated copy of the phage genome is called the prophage. Some prophages can re-activate and enter the lytic cycle. This often occurs in response to a perturbation, such as DNA damage, but can also transpire in the absence of...
69.1K
01:16Viral Replication: Lysogenic Cycle
2.2K
The lysogenic cycle is a crucial viral replication strategy that allows bacteriophages to persist within host cells without immediately destroying them. This process is primarily observed in temperate phages, such as bacteriophage lambda (λ), which infects Escherichia coli. The cycle allows the viral genome to persist across bacterial generations while keeping host cells viable.Integration of the Viral GenomeUpon infection, bacteriophage lambda attaches to the bacterial surface and injects...
2.2K
01:26Bacterial Phylum Bacteroidota
810
The phylum Bacteroidota includes over 700 species classified into four primary orders: Bacteroidales, Cytophagales, Flavobacteriales, and Sphingobacteriales. These gram-negative, non-sporulating rods exhibit saccharolytic capabilities and can be aerobic or fermentative, encompassing obligate aerobes, facultative aerobes, and obligate anaerobes. Many species display gliding motility, though some are nonmotile or use flagella. The genus Bacteroides is well-studied due to its significant role in...
810