体育运动员的替代疗法:对受伤恢复和肌肉骨性能的影响
Luis M Canal de Velasco1, José Emiliano González Flores2, Alberto Azcona Cervera3
1Medical Education and Simulation, Panamerican University, Mexico City, MEX.
Cureus
|March 17, 2026
概括
替代疗法 (TRT) 可能通过促进肌肉和组织修复来帮助肌肉骨恢复,但对运动员的证据有限. 最好把TRT看作是针对康复的有针对性的干预措施,而不是通用性能增强剂.
科学领域:
- 运动医学 运动医学
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
背景情况:
- 对于肌肉合成,骨健康和代谢功能至关重要.
- 替代疗法 (TRT) 治疗阴性腺体缺陷症,但由于研究和伦理方面的担忧有限,其在运动员中用于伤害恢复是有争议的.
- 现有的数据主要来自阴茎下垂或衰老的男性人群,对女性运动员的影响的了解较少.
研究的目的:
- 审查有关和TRT在肌肉骨恢复,康复和体育医学方面的现有证据.
- 探索丸激素影响组织修复和适应的机制性途径.
- 评估TRT对运动员的潜在好处和限制.
主要方法:
- 从1990年到2025年12月,对同行评审文学进行了半系统的叙事审查.
- 在主要数据库 (PubMed/MEDLINE,Embase,Scopus,Web of Science,Cochrane Library) 进行手动参考选.
- 包括临床研究,观测数据,翻译模型,评论和共识陈述,共选出25项研究进行综合.
主要成果:
- 激素通过雄激素受体信号传递,合成 anabol 途径 (AKT-mTORC1,IGF-1) 和抑制肌酸氨酸增强肌肉适应.
- 它促进卫星细胞激活,原循环,骨形成和肌重塑,具有免疫调节作用,有助于组织修复.
- 有证据表明,TRT可以缓解失效缩,并改善催化状态的恢复,但受伤运动员的前性数据很少. 能效效应在强度/功率方面最强,耐力方面变化较大.
结论:
- 作为肌肉骨恢复的允许调节器,而不是通用性能增强剂.
- TRT应该是医疗监督的,在康复计划中的有针对性的干预,需要严格的体育监管监督.
- 需要进一步的运动员特异性研究,以确定TRT在体育医学中的明确指示,疗效和长期安全性.
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