在燃料电池中揭示催化活动和大规模运输之间的权衡:从溶剂和离子体覆盖状态的角度来看
Haitao Chen1, Daozeng Yang1, Tiankuo Chu1
1School of Automotive Studies and Clean Energy Automotive Engineering Center, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China.
ACS applied materials & interfaces
|March 17, 2026
概括
研究人员通过使用溶剂控制离子体结构来优化质子交换膜燃料电池 (PEMFC) 电极. 这一策略通过调整三相接口 (TPI) 和微观结构来提高催化剂利用率和性能.
科学领域:
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 电化学 电化学 电化学
- 化学工程是化学工程的重要组成部分.
背景情况:
- 质子交换膜燃料电池 (PEMFCs) 在平衡极化性能和催化剂效率方面面临着挑战.
- 优化三相接口 (TPI) 和催化层 (CL) 微结构对于提高PEMFC性能至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 解读CL内部的离子体形成机制,并制定一种溶剂引导的CL构建策略.
- 阐明Pt/C-ionomer聚合物和CL微观结构演变之间的动态合.
- 为了实现PEMFC电极中催化活性和质量运输能力的协同优化.
主要方法:
- 对离子体自我组装和CL微观结构上的溶剂特性 (键,极性) 的系统研究.
- 基于溶剂介导的离子体分布的多维CL构建策略的开发.
- 分析CL架构,离子体总体大小和燃料电池性能之间的关系.
主要成果:
- 强结合/极性溶剂 (以水为基础) 诱导了500纳米的离子体聚合物,形成具有层次性多孔性和增强质量传输的剪切稀释泥.
- 弱结合/极性溶剂 (以乙烯酸为基础) 产生了~100nm均的离子分子涂层,降低了内部电阻,但损害了氧气运输.
- 弱结合/强极性溶剂 (基于DMSO) 导致>1000nm聚合物,导致Pt暴露的接口,最小的欧姆损失,但增加了氧气运输阻力.
结论:
- 溶剂特性极大地控制了离子体自我组装和CL微观结构,影响了PEMFC的性能.
- 溶剂介导策略可以实现跨度设计,以优化催化活性和大规模运输.
- 这项研究为先进的燃料电池电极工程提供了基本的见解.
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