老年急症护理的分流:与急诊科并行的诊断与治疗

Lennaert A R Zwart1, Nikki M F Noorda1, Chantal H N van Dijk1

  • 1Department of Geriatric Medicine, Dijklander Hospital, 1624 NP Hoorn, The Netherlands.

目标: 需要紧急医疗评估的复杂患者可能导致急诊科(ED)拥挤。为这类患者群体优化获取老年医学专业资源的模式被称为“老年医学急诊科”。方法: 设计了一条并行的照护路径,旨在将体弱的老年患者转诊至急症老年科护理(UGC)服务,而非急诊科(ED)。UGC可使用急诊科的诊断设施。本项描述性分析报告了所提供的照护服务、诊断措施、入院率、出院政策,以及30天和6个月的结局指标,包括住院(再)入院、急诊科就诊和死亡率。结果:共分析了269例患者。中位年龄为83岁,68%的患者存在多重用药,51%有认知障碍,83%有步态异常。每位患者平均得出4项结论。在综合老年评估门诊(UGC)的评估常导致药物治疗方案的调整(81%)、居家护理的启动或加强(46%)以及痴呆照护的启动(18%)。住院率为13%;30天内急诊就诊率为5%,6个月内额外急诊就诊率为16%;30天内再住院率为7%,6个月时为11%。30天内的死亡率为9%,6个月内为12%。结论在UGG就诊的患者中,药物治疗方案调整频繁,家庭护理启动率高,且每位患者常有多个结论或诊断。再入院或复诊率较低。未来的研究应将UGG提供的诊疗服务与急诊科(ED)的诊疗服务进行直接比较。

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