骨科老年骨折综合征:基于大规模文献计量分析的跨学科认知与协调诊疗概念探讨

Alceu Bissoto1,2,3, Heike Annette Bischoff-Ferrari4,5,6, Karin Blum6,7

  • 1Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, Nutritional Medicine and Metabolism, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland.

背景/目的: 骨折老年患者常表现出与虚弱和功能衰退相关的多种因素的复杂相互作用。老年骨科骨折综合征(Orthogeriatric Fracture Syndrome, OFS)这一新兴概念旨在表征这些病理特征与临床结局之间的独特关联。尽管在临床实践中对OFS的认识日益增加,但由于脆弱性相关因素分布在不同医学专业领域,该综合征在现有文献中仍缺乏明确定义。方法:我们通过对2600万篇PubMed摘要进行大规模文本挖掘,量化了生物医学研究各个学科中与OFS相关的概念出现频率及其相互关系。结果:OFS 相关术语在脆性骨折中的出现频率高于其他类型的骨折,尤其是骨质疏松症(0.52 对比 0.09,p< 0.05)。在成对关键词相关性(Pearson φ)分析中,OFS 关键词之间的相关性与更成熟的代谢综合征中的相关性相当(例如,卒中与高血压之间的 φ = 0.07,p< 0.05)。对于卵巢功能抑制(OFS),骨质疏松症成为连接OFS结局与病理变化的核心节点,其与脆性骨折相关(φ = 0.176,p< 0.05)和肌少症(φ = 0.03,p< 0.05)。肌少症与步态呈相关性(φ = 0.04,p< 0.05),营养不良(φ = 0.05,p< 0.05),以及衰弱(φ = 0.032,p< 0.05)。老年相关关键词与OFS关键词表现出显著更高的关联性(例如,elderl* 与髋部骨折的 φ = 0.06),p< 0.05)相比,代谢综合征相关术语(elderl* 和胰岛素抵抗)的关联性较弱,p> 0.05)结论总体而言,分析显示代表骨质疏松性骨折综合征(OFS)结局、病理状况及老龄的关键词之间存在统计学上显著的关联。骨质疏松、肌肉减少症、衰弱和跌倒风险的共同出现可能有助于从概念上识别出有风险的老年人群,并为预防措施提供依据。这项大规模文献计量分析支持将OFS作为一个概念上连贯的理论框架,以促进跨学科认知和协调照护,其文献层面的组织模式与代谢综合征相似,但尚需前瞻性临床验证。本研究将脆性骨折重新定义为一种更广泛、可能可调节的风险组合的终末表现,并强调了进一步开展临床和流行病学验证的必要性。

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