[丹红注射液通过HIF1A/CXCR4通路调控月经期子宫内膜脱落的机制]
Bei-Bei Wu1, Xiang Liu1, Hong-Hong DU1
1Department of Dermatology, Hebei Sheng Zhong Yi Yuan (the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Chinese Medicine) Shijiazhuang 050000, China.
Abstract:
本研究旨在探讨丹红注射液对类月经小鼠模型子宫内膜脱落的影响及其潜在机制。研究中建立了类月经小鼠模型,并在孕酮(P4)撤退后不同时间点观察子宫组织形态。将类月经小鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、低剂量(0.6 mL·kg~(-1))和高剂量(1.2 mL·kg~(-1))丹红注射液组,以及高剂量丹红注射液联合缺氧诱导因子-1α(HIF1A)抑制剂(PX-478,40 mg·kg~(-1))组。结果显示,P4撤退24小时后,与假手术组相比,模型组小鼠血清P4和雌二醇(E_2)水平降低,卵泡刺激素(FSH)和黄体生成素(LH)水平升高,出现子宫内膜脱落,细胞凋亡率显著增加;炎症因子如肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-10(IL-10)及分化簇45(CD45)的基因和蛋白表达均上调;凋亡相关蛋白如活化裂解型caspase-3、HIF1A及C-X-C趋化因子受体4(CXCR4)的基因和蛋白表达亦上调,而B细胞淋巴瘤-2(Bcl-2)/Bcl-2相关X蛋白(Bax)比值下降。经丹红注射液干预后,尤其是高剂量组,血清P4水平升高,E_2、FSH和LH水平降低,子宫内膜脱落和细胞凋亡减轻,炎症因子及裂解型caspase-3表达下调,IL-10水平、Bcl-2/Bax比值以及HIF1A和CXCR4的基因与蛋白表达上调。P4撤退48小时后,模型组小鼠子宫内膜出现部分修复,α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)和基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)蛋白表达升高,而HIF1A和CXCR4的mRNA表达无显著变化。尽管不同剂量丹红注射液在此时间点未显著改变血清激素水平,但可加速子宫内膜修复,降低α-SMA和MMP-9蛋白表达;而HIF1A抑制剂PX-478可逆转其在修复阶段的积极作用。综上所述,丹红注射液可能通过延缓P4撤退、改善激素环境,从而减轻类月经小鼠的子宫内膜脱落;在局部子宫内膜中,其作用机制可能与激活HIF1A/CXCR4信号通路、抑制基质细胞过度凋亡、缓解炎症反应及促进组织稳态恢复有关。
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