概括
单次口服五种基酸 Ester 的剂量在母中引起延迟的神经毒性. 这种神经毒性,以神经退化为特征,可能是这些类型杀虫剂的共同特征.
科学领域:
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 环境科学 环境科学
背景情况:
- 酸酸 (Phenylphosphonothioate esters) 是一种用于杀虫剂的化学化合物.
- 延迟神经毒性是某些有机化合物的潜在不良影响.
- 了解这些杀虫剂的神经毒性潜力对于风险评估至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在母中研究单次口服五种不同的酸烯酸酸 Ester 的延迟神经毒性作用.
- 确定这些化合物在诱导神经毒性的相对强度.
- 要确定延迟的神经毒性是否是酸类杀虫剂的一般特征.
主要方法:
- 给母单次口服五种基酸 (cyanofenphos,EPN,desbromoleptophos,leptophos和EPBP) 的剂.
- 脊髓和外围神经的组织学检查,以评估轴突和髓质变性.
- 在测试化合物中对神经毒性强度的比较分析.
主要成果:
- 所有五种测试的基酸乙酸都在母中诱导了延迟的神经毒性.
- 这些化合物在引起神经毒性的强度,以下降的顺序,是芬,EPN,desbromoleptophos,leptophos和EPBP.
- 组织学研究结果显示,受影响的脊髓和外周神经有明显的轴突和髓质变性.
结论:
- 延迟的神经毒性是酸类杀虫剂的潜在和可能的一般特征.
- 该研究强调了与接触这种类杀虫剂相关的神经毒性风险.
- 可能需要进一步的研究来探索这种神经毒性的机制和更广泛的影响.
相关概念视频
Toxic Reactions: Overview
When toxic substances penetrate the human body, they disseminate to various tissues, undergoing metabolic changes. This process yields reactive metabolites that may covalently bind with specific target molecules, resulting in toxicity.
Toxicity falls into two primary categories: local and systemic.
Local toxicity appears at the exposure site, such as protein denaturation caused by caustic substances.
In contrast, systemic toxicity requires the toxic agent's absorption and distribution,...
Toxicity falls into two primary categories: local and systemic.
Local toxicity appears at the exposure site, such as protein denaturation caused by caustic substances.
In contrast, systemic toxicity requires the toxic agent's absorption and distribution,...
Teratogenicity
The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...
Indirect-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Mechanism of Action
Indirect-acting cholinergic agonists work by interacting with an enzyme called acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the synaptic cleft. They can be reversible or irreversible inhibitors and have different effects on the enzyme.
Reversible inhibitors like edrophonium bind to a specific part of the enzyme called the anionic catalytic site. They form noncovalent bonds, which means they are not strongly attached to the enzyme. This creates a temporary and less stable enzyme–inhibitor complex, leading to...
Reversible inhibitors like edrophonium bind to a specific part of the enzyme called the anionic catalytic site. They form noncovalent bonds, which means they are not strongly attached to the enzyme. This creates a temporary and less stable enzyme–inhibitor complex, leading to...
Indirect-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Pharmacokinetics
Indirect-acting cholinergic agonists, or anticholinesterases, enhance the body's cholinergic activity by inhibiting acetylcholine's breakdown. They are categorized as reversible or irreversible agents based on their mechanism of action. They are further classified into short-acting, intermediate-acting, and long-acting agents based on their duration of action.
Reversible agents containing quaternary amines, such as neostigmine and edrophonium, are not easily absorbed orally because they are...
Reversible agents containing quaternary amines, such as neostigmine and edrophonium, are not easily absorbed orally because they are...
Anticholinesterase Agents: Poisoning and Treatment
Anticholinesterases, also known as cholinesterase inhibitors, work by blocking the breakdown of acetylcholine, leading to its accumulation in the synaptic cleft. This accumulation indirectly enhances both muscarinic and nicotinic actions. These agents are classified as reversible or irreversible based on their mechanism of action.
Irreversible agents form a strong bond with the cholinesterase enzyme, making it inactive. The breakdown of the phosphorylated enzyme is slower than the...
Irreversible agents form a strong bond with the cholinesterase enzyme, making it inactive. The breakdown of the phosphorylated enzyme is slower than the...
Drug Toxicity: Dose-Dependent Reactions
Drug toxicities can be stratified into pharmacological, pathological, or genotoxic based on their mechanisms. The incidence and severity of these toxicities generally increase with the drug's concentration in the body and exposure time.Pharmacological toxicity is evident when the therapeutic effects of drugs overshoot into adverse reactions in a predictable, dose-dependent manner. Central nervous system (CNS) depression from barbiturates is a classic example, with effects escalating from...


