概括
急性山病 (AMS) 影响了超过一半的未经适应的徒步旅行者,更快的登山和年轻的年龄增加了风险. 乙胺有助于预防那些飞往高海拔的人的AMS.
科学领域:
- 高度医学 高度医学
- 高海拔地区的生理学
- 旅行 健康 旅行 健康
背景情况:
- 急性山病 (AMS) 和其严重形式,高海拔肺 (HAPO) 和大脑 (CO),对高海拔地区的未经适应的人来说是很大的风险.
- 了解AMS的发病率和风险因素对于在喜马拉雅山脉等山区制定有效的预防和治疗策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究尼泊尔喜马拉雅山脉4243米高处未经适应气候的徒步旅行者中急性山病 (AMS) 和其并发症的发生率和严重程度.
- 识别与AMS发展和严重程度相关的风险因素.
- 评估乙胺在预防和治疗AMS中的疗效.
主要方法:
- 在喜马拉雅山脉Pheriche (4243米) 的278名未经适应气候的徒步旅行者进行了一项研究.
- 收集的数据包括AMS,HAPO和CO的发病率,以及年龄,登山概况,适应和药物使用等因素.
- 乙胺的疗效在一项双盲研究中进行了评估,将其与安慰剂和无药物进行比较.
主要成果:
- AMS的总体发病率为53%,年轻个体的发病率更高,那些飞到2800米的人,爬得很快,适应夜晚更少.
- AMS的严重程度与登山速度相关,与年龄相反.
- 乙胺显著降低了2800米高空徒步旅行者的AMS发病率和严重程度,但没有降低到2800米高空徒步旅行者的AMS发病率和严重程度.
结论:
- 预防AMS涉及缓慢的上升,迅速识别警告信号,及时下降.
- 乙胺是有效的预防AMS的个人通过飞行迅速上升到中等高度.
- 严重的高度疾病的危险因素包括快速登山,不充分的适应和年轻的年龄.
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