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在Drosophila胚胎中,基因素mRNA合成和循环的变化速度在Drosophila胚胎中变化

K V Anderson, J A Lengyel

|October 1, 1980

概括

德罗斯菲拉胚胎利用母体的组原蛋白mRNA并早期启动胚胎合成. 基因表达是由mRNA合成速率和循环调节的,mRNA半衰期在发育过程中显著下降.

科学领域:

发育生物学发展生物学
分子遗传学分子遗传学
基因表达规范基因表达规范

背景情况:

基因组蛋白对于DNA的包装和复制至关重要.
早期的胚胎发育依赖于精确的基因调节.
母亲的mRNA储存在初始发育中起着至关重要的作用.

研究的目的:

量化Drosophila胚胎中的基因组mRNA合成和周转率.
了解早期发育过程中组织蛋白基因表达的调节.
为了确定母体mRNA和胚胎转录的贡献.

主要方法:

将被标记的胚胎RNA混合为Drosophila histone DNA.
在不同发育阶段测量基因组mRNA质量和合成速率.
基因组 mRNA 的细胞质半衰期的计算.

主要成果:

在早期胚胎中存在大量的母体基因组 mRNA 池.
胚胎组织基因组mRNA合成开始90分钟后oviposition.
基因组mRNA合成在6小时达到峰值,与DNA合成峰值相吻合.
在发育过程中,mRNA半衰期从2.3小时减少到20分钟.
基因表达受合成和周转率的控制.

结论:

德洛索菲拉基因表达受到合成和降解的严格调节.
在mRNA周转的变化显著影响基因表达水平.
早期胚胎转录的基因素基因是快速和动态的.

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Position-effect Variegation

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In 1928, a German botanist Emil Heitz observed the moss nuclei with a DNA binding dye. He observed that while some chromatin regions decondense and spread out in the interphase nucleus, others do not. He termed them euchromatin and heterochromatin, respectively. He proposed that the heterochromatin regions reflect a functionally inactive state of the genome. It was later confirmed that heterochromatin is transcriptionally repressed, and euchromatin is transcriptionally active chromatin.