概括
开发新的药物开发系统,而不仅仅是药物,对于解决发展中国家主要疾病至关重要. 这种方法将研发与特定的财务和生物需求相结合,改善全球卫生公平.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 制药研究与开发 制药研究与开发
- 卫生技术评估 卫生技术评估
背景情况:
- 发达国家和发展中国家之间的疾病控制策略有很大差异.
- 目前制药行业的成功主要集中在个人提供的治疗方法上,这些治疗方法对发展中国家的公共卫生挑战不太适用.
- 现有的研发模式不能充分解决发展中国家疾病的独特经济和生物背景.
研究的目的:
- 争取制药研发的范式转变,以更好地服务于发展中国家.
- 强调需要新的系统,而不是新的药物,来应对低收入国家普遍存在的疾病.
- 提出一个针对发展中国家经济的具体金融和生物现实的研发框架.
主要方法:
- 概念分析和论证.概念分析和论证.
- 审查现有的疾病控制技术和制药研发模型.
- 工业化国家与发展中国家对卫生需求的比较评估.
主要成果:
- 制药行业中占主导地位的研发模式与发展中国家的主要健康问题不一致.
- 最重要的未满足需求不是新疗法,而是创新的研发系统.
- 一个量身定制的研发系统对于开发经济上可行的药物和生物有效的药物对于发展中国家广泛的疾病控制至关重要.
结论:
- 制药行业必须创新其研发系统,以有效地解决全球健康差异.
- 发展中国家未来的药物开发需要专注于可访问,面向群体和经济可行的解决方案.
- 重新思考研发过程对于改善制药干预措施在经济欠发达地区的影响至关重要.
相关概念视频
01:02Prescription, Nonprescription and Orphan Drugs
Prescription drugs require a prescription from a medical practitioner and can only be obtained from a pharmacy. They have many applications, including treating pain, anxiety, and hypertension.
The misuse and addiction to prescription drugs is a growing problem that can affect people of all age groups, specifically teenagers. This can happen when prescription medications are used in ways not intended by the prescriber, such as taking someone else's prescription or using medication for...
The misuse and addiction to prescription drugs is a growing problem that can affect people of all age groups, specifically teenagers. This can happen when prescription medications are used in ways not intended by the prescriber, such as taking someone else's prescription or using medication for...
01:28Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics: Overview
Understanding drugs, drug products, and their performance in pharmaceutical science is pivotal. Drugs, whether simple molecules or complex compounds, are designed to interact with the body's biological systems to diagnose, treat, or prevent diseases. Drug products include various delivery systems such as tablets, capsules, injections, and inhalers. The performance of these drug products is gauged by their ability to deliver the active ingredient to the desired site of action at the appropriate...
01:21Pharmacodynamics: Overview and Principles
Pharmacodynamics is a scientific field that delves into drugs' intricate biochemical, cellular, and physiological effects on the human body. The study of pharmacodynamics helps us understand how drugs interact with the body and elicit various responses.
Most drugs' effects result from their interactions with drug receptors or targets within the body. These interactions trigger specific responses at the cellular or systemic level. Drug receptors can be found on the surfaces of cells or within...
Most drugs' effects result from their interactions with drug receptors or targets within the body. These interactions trigger specific responses at the cellular or systemic level. Drug receptors can be found on the surfaces of cells or within...
01:03Drug Control Governance: Regulatory Bodies and Their Impact
Drug control governance involves the oversight and regulation of pharmaceuticals to ensure their safety and efficacy while preventing illegal drug use and trafficking. Regulatory bodies, including the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Union's European Medicines Agency (EMA), play a central role in this process. These agencies evaluate the safety and efficacy of drugs before they can be marketed. They fund clinical trials and assess the benefits and risks associated with a...
01:26Drug Administration and Therapy Phases: Overview
Drugs, the chemical agents used in diagnosing, treating, or preventing diseases, undergo a four-phase process of development: pharmaceutic, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and therapeutic.
The pharmaceutical phase focuses on leveraging the physicochemical properties of the drug to design and manufacture an effective product. Variants include orally administered tablets or capsules, topical creams or ointments, and parenteral-delivery solutions or emulsions.
The pharmacokinetic phase...
The pharmaceutical phase focuses on leveraging the physicochemical properties of the drug to design and manufacture an effective product. Variants include orally administered tablets or capsules, topical creams or ointments, and parenteral-delivery solutions or emulsions.
The pharmacokinetic phase...
01:22Biopharmaceutical Factors Influencing Drug Product Design: Overview
Rational drug product design integrates knowledge of the drug’s physicochemical properties, formulation components, manufacturing techniques, and intended route of administration. Each factor influences the drug’s performance, including how it is released, absorbed, and eliminated in the body.The physicochemical properties of a drug—such as solubility, stability, and particle size—affect its compatibility with excipients and the choice of dosage form. Excipients, though pharmacologically...