美国艾滋病流行病的范围
1National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD 20852-4910, USA.
概括
美国的人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 感染率使用解卷技术重建. 该研究估计,1993年有63万至89万7000名艾滋病毒感染者,女性和少数群体的发病率稳定.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 生物统计学 生物统计学
背景情况:
- 艾滋病毒/艾滋病监测数据为流行病趋势提供了关键的见解.
- 了解特定年龄的感染率对于有针对性的干预至关重要.
- 以前的估计缺乏详细的特定年龄发病率数据.
研究的目的:
- 为了重建特定年龄的人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 感染率在美国.
- 估计截至1993年1月的不同人口群体中艾滋病毒感染的流行率.
- 分析HIV发病率的趋势随着时间的推移.
主要方法:
- 应用到获得免疫缺陷综合征 (艾滋病) 监测数据的二维解卷技术.
- 统计建模以估计特定年龄的发病率和流行率.
- 根据人口统计因素 (年龄,性别,种族/种族) 分析趋势.
主要成果:
- 据估计,截至1993年1月,美国有63万至89万7000名成人和青少年感染艾滋病毒.
- 在年轻成年人 (二十多岁/三十多岁) 和少数群体中,患病率最高.
- 在30岁以上的白人男性中,艾滋病毒发病率下降;在妇女和少数群体中,发病率稳定.
- 估计有3%的黑人男性和1%的黑人女性在30多岁时感染了艾滋病毒.
结论:
- 根据观察到的发病率,艾滋病毒感染在美国被认为是流行病.
- 在不同的人口群体中,艾滋病毒流行率和发病率的差异仍然存在.
- 持续监测和有针对性的公共卫生战略至关重要.
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