相关实验视频
Updated: Jul 17, 2026

11:44
Stimulation of Cytoplasmic DNA Sensing Pathways In Vitro and In Vivo
Published on: September 18, 2014
与聚合酶II全酶的一个组成部分接触足以激活基因
A Barberis1, J Pearlberg, N Simkovich
1Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.
Cell
|May 5, 1995
概括
酵母中的GAL11P突变使GAL4衍生物能够在没有典型激活区域的情况下激活基因. 这表明,激活剂与RNA聚合酶II全酶之间的单次接触可以通过DNA招募启动基因激活.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 酵母遗传学 酵母遗传学
- 基因规则 基因规则
背景情况:
- GAL4蛋白是酵母中的转录激活剂,对于调节参与银河糖代谢的基因至关重要.
- GAL11是RNA聚合酶II全酶的一个组成部分,这是转录必不可少的大型复合体.
- 经典的转录激活剂通常具有不同的功能域,包括DNA结合和激活区域.
研究的目的:
- 研究一种特定的点突变GAL11P影响GAL4衍生物的功能机制.
- 为了确定缺乏经典激活区域的GAL4衍生物是否可以在存在GAL11P突变的情况下作为转录激活剂.
- 阐明GAL11蛋白的作用及其与GAL4在基因激活中的相互作用.
主要方法:
- 用GAL11P点突变改造的酵母菌株的分析.
- 缺少正规激活区域的GAL4衍生物的特征.
- 生物化学测试用于研究GAL4和GAL11组件之间的蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用.
主要成果:
- 某些缺乏经典激活区域的GAL4衍生物在具有GAL11P突变的酵母菌株中表现出强烈的转录激活.
- 这种 GAL11P 突变使 GAL11 蛋白与 GAL4 的二分化区域相互作用.
- 在野生类型细胞中,GAL11受影响的区域似乎在功能上是惰性的,这表明突变创造了一个人造结合点.
结论:
- 在GAL11 (GAL11P) 中的一个单点突变可以赋予缺乏标准激活域的GAL4衍生物激活潜力.
- 这种突变促进了GAL11与GAL4二分化域之间的相互作用.
- 这些发现提出了一个模型,其中一个单一的激活剂-全酶接触,通过招募,可以触发基因激活.
相关概念视频
PCR
Overview
Bacterial RNA Polymerase
Unlike eukaryotes, bacteria use a single RNA Polymerase (RNAP) to transcribe all genes. The different subunits of bacterial RNAPhave distinct functions. The multisubunit structure of the bacterial RNAP helps the enzyme to maintain catalytic function, facilitate assembly, interact with DNA and RNA, and self-regulate its activity.
In most genes, the transcription site is a single base present upstream of the coding sequence. Though RNAP is a catalytically efficient enzyme, it does not recognize...
In most genes, the transcription site is a single base present upstream of the coding sequence. Though RNAP is a catalytically efficient enzyme, it does not recognize...
RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins
Proteins that regulate transcription can do so either via direct contact with RNA Polymerase or through indirect interactions facilitated by adaptors, mediators, histone-modifying proteins, and nucleosome remodelers. Direct interactions to activate transcription is seen in bacteria as well as in some eukaryotic genes. In these cases, upstream activation sequences are adjacent to the promoters, and the activator proteins interact directly with the transcriptional machinery. For example, in...
Eukaryotic Transcription Activators
Transcription activators are proteins that promote the transcription of genes from DNA to RNA. In most cases, these proteins contain two separate domains ‒ a domain that binds to DNA and a domain for activating transcription; however, in some cases, a single domain is responsible for both binding and activation of transcription, as seen in the glucocorticoid receptor and MyoD.
The binding domains are capable of recognizing and interacting with regulatory sequences on the DNA. These domains are...
The binding domains are capable of recognizing and interacting with regulatory sequences on the DNA. These domains are...
Bacterial RNA Polymerase
Unlike eukaryotes, bacteria use a single RNA Polymerase (RNAP) to transcribe all genes. The different subunits of bacterial RNAPhave distinct functions. The multisubunit structure of the bacterial RNAP helps the enzyme to maintain catalytic function, facilitate assembly, interact with DNA and RNA, and self-regulate its activity.
In most genes, the transcription site is a single base present upstream of the coding sequence. Though RNAP is a catalytically efficient enzyme, it does not recognize...
In most genes, the transcription site is a single base present upstream of the coding sequence. Though RNAP is a catalytically efficient enzyme, it does not recognize...
RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins
Proteins that regulate transcription can do so either via direct contact with RNA Polymerase or through indirect interactions facilitated by adaptors, mediators, histone-modifying proteins, and nucleosome remodelers. Direct interactions to activate transcription is seen in bacteria as well as in some eukaryotic genes. In these cases, upstream activation sequences are adjacent to the promoters, and the activator proteins interact directly with the transcriptional machinery. For example, in...

