结核病在美国的流行病学,1985年至1992年
M F Cantwell1, D E Snider, G M Cauthen
1Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333.
JAMA
|August 17, 1994
概括
结核病 (TB) 病例从1985年至1992年增加,主要是在少数民族,年轻人和出生在国外的人群中. 人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 感染在特定的人口群体中显著影响了结核病发病率,这表明传染率上升.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- 美国在1985年至1992年期间,结核病 (TB) 发病率显著增加.
- 了解这一结核病增加的人口分布和起源对于公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查1985-1992年期间导致美国结核病例激增的分布和主要来源.
主要方法:
- 1980-1992年向疾病控制和预防中心 (CDC) 报告的结核病监测数据的分析.
- 根据性别,种族/种族,年龄,出生地,疾病部位,位置和社会经济地位,检查报告的结核病例的变化.
- 通过将观察到的数据与从1980年至1984年推断出的趋势进行比较,估计了多余的结核病例.
主要成果:
- 结核病例的增加集中在种族/族裔少数群体,25-44岁的个人,男性和外国出生的人口中.
- 外国出生的个人占美国结核病例 (1986-1992年) 总增加的60%.
- 人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 感染是一个重要的因素,特别影响了白人,黑人,男性和25至44岁人口中的结核病发病率. 在4岁以下的儿童中结核病例增加了36%,这表明传播增加了.
结论:
- 多种因素导致结核病例的增加,包括移民和艾滋病毒联合感染.
- 建议进一步评估结核病查在移民中的有效性.
- 需要在高风险人群中扩大结核病和艾滋病毒的查.
更多相关视频
09:34An Automated Culture System for Use in Preclinical Testing of Host-Directed Therapies for Tuberculosis
Published on: August 16, 2021
10:24Identification of Potential Anti-TB Candidates: A Step-by-Step Guide to Synthesis, MIC Determination, and Cytotoxicity Assessment in Mammalian Cells
Published on: May 22, 2026
相关概念视频
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I
Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II
Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III
Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV
Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V
Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the progression...
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the progression...
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health concern, primarily targeting the lungs and spreading through airborne transmission. Infection begins when aerosolized droplet nuclei, expelled by an individual with active TB, are inhaled by another person. These microscopic particles carry Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of TB. Upon reaching the alveoli, the bacilli are engulfed by alveolar macrophages. However, due to their specialized lipid-rich cell wall, these pathogens...
