医学院和学生的特点影响选择通用专业的职业生涯
C J Martini1, J J Veloski, B Barzansky
1Division of Undergraduate Medical Education, American Medical Association, Chicago, Ill.
JAMA
|September 7, 1994
概括
医学院可以通过专注于机构使命,招生政策和以初级保健为导向的课程来增加进入全科医生实践的医生人数. 学生的个人价值观也极大地影响了职业选择.
科学领域:
- 医学教育 医学教育
- 健康劳动力研究 卫生劳动力研究
背景情况:
- 医学院毕业生进入全科医院的比例是获得医疗保健的关键因素.
- 在医学院内识别可修改的预测因素对于劳动力规划至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 确定医学院内可操纵的预测因素,以影响进入通用医疗实践的毕业生比例.
主要方法:
- 医学院和执业医生的横截面和回顾性研究.
- 对授予MD和DO的医学院的调查以及一般医生的全国样本.
- 现场参观医学院,其中一般医生毕业生比例很高.
主要成果:
- 机构使命,招生政策,学生特征和以初级保健为导向的课程显著预测了选择全科医生职业的医生人数.
- 这些因素在控制学校的结构特征 (如公共/私人地位,年龄和班级规模) 之后仍然很重要.
结论:
- 公共和机构政策对学生选择通用专业的职业产生积极影响.
- 关键的可修改因素包括招生标准,课程设计和教师角色模型.
- 个人社会价值观是影响毕业生的职业选择的最强的个人特征.
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